ENGLISH MARINE TERMINOLOGY: STRUCTURAL AND SEMANTIC CHARACTERISTICS

Abstract

The present article is an attempt to study English marine terminology which turns out to be topical these days and has been determined by several factors. Firstly, shipping and maritime trade are of great importance in the life of the English people. Secondly, increase of the role of science and technology in the development of mankind leads to the constantly growing role of terminology in modern language. Despite the fact that English marine terminology serves as an object of investigation in the works of many Ukrainian linguists, a number of issues remain relevant and require further research. The aim of the given work is to study structural and semantic characteristics of the English marine terminology system. To achieve the set aim, a number of tasks have been performed: the concepts “terminology” and “terminological system” have been distinguished; the existing classifications have been considered and the composition of the main thematic groups of the English marine terminology system has been outlined; the word-forming features of the English marine terminology have been analyzed and the words belonging to the marine theme have been systematized, taking into account the most productive ways of word formation. The object of our study is English marine terminological units, expressions, idioms related to shipbuilding and seafaring. The subject of our study embraces the structural and semantic characteristics of the English marine terminology, which allows to understand its structure and facilitates its study by specialists in the relevant field. Research methods include the following: descriptive method that helps to establish structural and semantic features of marine terminology units; method of component analysis that allows to establish the semantic features of English marine terms; continuous sampling method which is helpful for selection of data researched. According to structural types, terms are divided into: simple; derivatives; complex; phrase-terms (compound); terms-abbreviations; terms-literal conventional designations; terms-symbols (signs); half-sign terms; nomenclature. The formation of marine terms occurs morphologically and syntactically, there are many borrowings from different languages of the Indo-European family.