Abstract
The excessive industrial applications of methylene blue dye and lead ions with their high resistance to biodegradation in water systems have led to their detection in water effluents as pollutants of major concern and therefore they must be removed by efficient techniques. Carbonaceous based materials as carbon foam (C-Foam) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with sodium alginate are important reactive adsorbents in water treatment. Therefore, a novel nanocomposite was assembled via crosslinking of zinc oxide with carbon foam, GQDs and alginate to fabricate ZnO/C-Foam/GQDs/Alginate. This nanocomposite exhibited homogeneous and spherical particles with 20 nm average size. ZnO/C-Foam/GQDs/Alginate is designed to remove Pb(II) and methylene blue (MB) pollutants. The collected results referred to the optimum pH 6 and 7 for Pb(II) and MB, respectively. The computed thermodynamic parameters revealed endothermic and spontaneous reactions by the two pollutants providing ΔGo from −8.06 to −13.67 kJ/mol for lead ion and from −6.23 to −8.19 kJ/mol for MB dye. The interfering species exhibited almost insignificant impact. ZnO/C-Foam/GQDs/Alginate nanocomposite confirmed successful reusability for five successive regeneration cycles. Finally, ZnO/C-Foam/GQDs/Alginate nanocomposite provided excellent removal trends for Pb(II) and MB pollutants from real water samples with100% and 92.2 % removal, respectively.
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