Abstract
Two cottonseed oil biodiesel samples (cottonseed oil methyl esters, COME) produced in Clemson lab, together with other two commercial cottonseed oil biodiesels were evaluated on their engine performance with the No. 2 diesel fuel as a reference. The results revealed that emission of CO, CO2 and NOx from cottonseed oil biodiesels was lower than that of the No. 2 diesel fuel. CO decreased by 13.8%, CO2 by 11.1% and NOx by 10%, though there was no significantly sta- tistical difference at p<0.05. The engine test also showed a slightly higher amount of consumption and less tendency of coke formation from COME than the No. 2 diesel fuel. The oxidative stability study showed COME with acceptable sta- bility. COME exhibited friendly environmental benefits and acceptable stability, demonstrating its feasibility as an alter- native fuel.
Highlights
As an alternative and renewable energy source, biodiesel received an increasing interest in recent years because it can reduce global dependence on non-renewable petroleum
In our test the NOX emission of the cottonseed oil methyl ester (COME) and soybean oil biodiesel (SOB) exhibited decrease values compared with that of the No 2 diesel. These findings agree with the result reported by Yücesu et al [16] and Rakopoulos et al [17], who found that the NOx emission of biodiesel blends decreased when the percentage of the biodiesel in the blend increased
Lower NOx emission was observed on mahua oil methyl ester [13], which was ascribed to the ignition delay that might cause the reduction of peak pressure rise and the decrease of flame temperature because the low pressure and low temperature in the second stage of combustion process could cause the reduction in NOx emission
Summary
As an alternative and renewable energy source, biodiesel received an increasing interest in recent years because it can reduce global dependence on non-renewable petroleum. Biodiesels contain 10% to 11% oxygen by weight, have a higher cetane number than petroleum diesel, have no aromatics, and show some attractive environmental benefits, such as lower emissions of CO, CO2, and unburned hydrocarbons (HC) [1,2]. The transesterification process results in desirable biodiesel properties such as low viscosity, low molecular weight and high volatility, which overcome common problems such as an incomplete combustion, poor atomization, ring sticking, severe engine deposits, and injector coking that are encountered when natural oils and fats are used [3]. Several research groups [1, 4] investigated the properties of a biodiesel blend with soybean oil methyl esters in diesel engines and found that particulate matter (PM), CO, and soot mass emissions decreased, while NOX increased. Similar results were reported [5] for
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