Energy security as an integral element of ensuring the economic security of the state in the national security strategies of Ukraine

Abstract

The article reveals the evolution of energy security in Ukraine's national security strategies during the years of independence. It is determined that a number of issues related to the creation of the most effective system of energy security of the state support within the existing National Security Strategies of Ukraine at various stages of state formation remain unresolved, both at the legislative level and in the functioning of relevant competent state bodies.
 The content of ensuring the energy security of the state in the four national security strategies of Ukraine is revealed. It is determined that the issue of ensuring energy security of the state requires a clear definition of the state in strategic priorities and goals that should correspond to current trends in the national economy and world realities in this area.
 It was emphasized that in accordance with the Final Provisions of the National Security Strategy 2020 on the development of planning documents in the field of national security and defense, which will determine the ways and tools of its implementation, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine on August 4, 2021 approved the Energy Security Strategy. Ukraine, which defines the target model of the energy security system as a component of national security.
 It is emphasized that the Energy Security Strategy of Ukraine identifies 29 key threats to energy security. These include, in particular, external risks - cyber threats to critical energy infrastructure, aggression by the Russian Federation, and internal - possible failure to integrate with EU electricity and gas supply systems, depreciation of fixed assets, lack of energy reserves and more.
 It is noted that the strategic approach is extremely important for such a complex sector of the economy as energy. Given the unstable situation in the geopolitical sphere, given the limited energy resources and the need to develop ecologically and with concern for the environment, we need to understand all the potential risks and threats that may affect the Ukrainian energy sector. That is why the Energy Security Strategy of Ukraine is necessary to ensure predictability of development and sustainability of the energy system, timely identification of threats and prevention.
 Threats to national security in the field of energy security have been studied. It is emphasized that currently the most correct and meaningful definition of energy security is the definition, which is enshrined in the newly approved Energy Security Strategy of Ukraine. Thus, energy security is the protection of national interests in ensuring access to reliable, sustainable, affordable and modern energy sources in a technically reliable, safe, cost-effective and environmentally friendly way under normal conditions and in conditions of special or emergency conditions.
 The directions of increase of efficiency of maintenance of energy security of Ukraine are defined.