ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF AGROTECHNOLOGIES OF SHORT ROTATION CROP ROTATIONS

Abstract

Today, the use of energy resources is becoming more and more relevant, the development of agriculture is characterized by a constant increase in the energy used for soil cultivation, protective equipment, organic and mineral fertilizers, and harvesting. The purpose of the research is to investigate the influence of fertilization systems and the main tillage on the processes of energy efficiency of the technology of growing short-rotation crops and the analysis of energy costs. The following methods were used in the research process: during the experiment, field, calculation-comparative, mathematical-statistical methods were used using generally recognized methods and methodical recommendations. The results of scientific research on typical chernozem in four five-field crop rotations are presented. The research revealed that the highest energy output under the mineral fertilization system (8 t of manure + N68P72K82) was observed in the grain-row crop rotation of 99.8 GJ/ha, under the organo-mineral system with the application of 8 t + N27P38K45 + 3.5 t of by-products and siderable mass in crop rotation - 104.5 GJ/ha. The coefficient of energy efficiency (Kee) was the highest under the organic fertilization system in the grain-rowing system - 5.7, the specialized grain-rowing system - 4.3, the row-row system - 5.8, the crop-rotation system - 4.7, the use of the organo-mineral fertilization system significantly decreased this indicator in the grain-rowing system - 3.7, rowing - 3.4, crop rotation - 4.1. Shallow - no-shallow and differentiated tillage provided the coefficient of energy efficiency at the level of grain-row crop rotation of 4.9 - 5.0, grain-row specialized - 3.6, row-row - 4.7. Research materials are of practical importance for agrarians in analyzing the energy efficiency of short-rotational crop rotations on typical chernozems.