Abstract
In this paper, the eight schemes for aircraft wireless sensor networks are investigated, which are single-hop array beamforming schemes (including analog beamforming (ABF), and digital beamforming (DBF)), non-cooperative schemes (including single-hop and multi-hop schemes), cooperative schemes (including amplify and forward (AF), decode and forward (DF)), and incremental cooperative schemes (incremental decode and forward (IDF), and incremental amplify and forward (IAF)). To set up the aircraft wireless communication environment, we design the aircraft channel model by referring to the experimental parameters of the ITU (International Telecommunication Union)-R M.2283, which is composed of path loss, shadowing fading, and multi-path fading channel responses. To evaluate the performance, the conditions energy consumption and throughput analysis are performed. Through simulation results, the incremental cooperative scheme outperformed by 66.8% better at spectral efficiency 2 than the DBF scheme in terms of the energy consumption metric. Whereas, in terms of throughput metric, overall SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) ranged from −20 to 30 dB the beamforming scheme had the best performance in which the beamforming scheme at SNR 0 dB achieved 85.4% better than the multi-hop scheme. Finally, in terms of normalized throughput metric in low SNR range between −20 and 1 dB the ABF scheme had the best performance over the others in which the ABF at SNR 0 dB achieved 75.4% better than the multi-hop scheme. Whereas, in high SNR range between 2 and 30 dB the IDF scheme had the best performance in which the IDF at SNR 10 dB achieved 62.2% better than the multi-hop scheme.
Highlights
Due to the growth in science and engineering technology, the performance of electronic equipment related to aircraft has advanced and hardware/software standards have been studied to minimize related cost [1]
The energy consumption and the throughput analysis on beamforming, non-cooperative, and cooperative schemes in the aircraft channel environment are conducted by using Matlab 2018a to illustrate the theoretical analysis
We investigated beamforming, single-hop, multi-hop, and cooperative schemes for the aircraft wireless sensor networks and perform energy consumption and throughput analysis in the aircraft channel model
Summary
Due to the growth in science and engineering technology, the performance of electronic equipment related to aircraft has advanced and hardware/software standards have been studied to minimize related cost [1]. We model the aircraft channel by referring ITU-R M.2283, which has three channel responses that are path loss, shadowing fading, and multi-path fading According to this channel model we can find the channel responses regarding intra-flight deck, cabins, cabin to lower lobe, cabin to exterior, cabin to landing gear, and exteriors; We investigate eight schemes, which are beamforming schemes (including the analog beamforming (ABF) and digital beamforming (DBF)), non-cooperative schemes (including single-hop, multi-hop), cooperative schemes (including the amplify and forward (AF), the DF, the incremental amplify and forward (IAF), and the IDF), and represent the energy consumption and throughput analysis with the aircraft channel model; We show the optimal transmitted power regarding eight schemes, which satisfy the transmitted power requirement based on ITU-R M.2283. This paper can be cited when one of the transmission schemes is considered for the aircraft wireless sensor networks; The simulation results clearly show that first, the incremental cooperative scheme had the lowest total energy consumption in overall spectral efficiency.
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