Endokrine ćelije pankreasa u pacova hronično tretiranih kadfmijumom

Abstract

Cadmium is a soft silvery-white metal, one of the 126 priority pollutants, and is also classified in the group of category I human carcinogens.The aim of the study is the micromorphological and functional examination of the endocrine pancreas of rats chronically treated with cadmium. Albino female Wistar rats, 35-37 days old, weight 120-140 g have been used for research. In total, 22 animals have been divided into control (n=11) and experimental group (n=11). The experimental group has been treated 15 mg/kg of CdCl2, dissolved in drinking water. The control group hasn't received any treatment. All rats have been kept in controlled laboratory conditions. Three months later, all animals have been sacrificed. Pancreatic tissue has been routinely processed and embedded in paraffin. The 4 μm paraffin sections have been stained with H&E and ABC immunohistochemical method with specific antibodies for: chromogranin A, insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide, and peptide YY. Dense, hyperplastic B cells that occupy almost the entire surface of the insula were found in experimental group. A cell hyperplasia with a pronounced functional activity is also present. A cells are also found, besides on the periphery of the hyperplastic insulae, in the acini, with significantly increased activity. Increased mitotic index and an absence of D cell cytoplasmic extensions is observed. A PP cell hyperplasia, with signs of morphological and functional polymorphism is expressed. The presence of PP cells is also recorded in the hyperplastic and dysplastic epithelium of larger ducts. Only in the experimental group have we found cells that secrete peptide YY. These cells have an identical topography as A cells, but their number is much smaller. Chronic exposure to cadmium disrupts the structure and function of endocrine pancreas. All pancreatic endocrine cells have been affected.