Encefalitis autoinmune y teratoma ovárico. Reto diagnóstico y terapéutico

Abstract

espanolIntroduccion: la encefalitis por anticuerpos contra el receptor N-metil D-aspartato suele desarrollarse como un sindrome caracteristico de evolucion multifasica y diagnostico diferencial amplio. Este tipo de encefalitis puede estar asociada a un tumor, y por lo tanto, ser considerada un sindrome paraneoplasico, con afectacion predominante en mujeres y siendo el teratoma de ovario el tumor mas frecuentemente involucrado. Caso clinico: paciente de 35 anos con un cuadro neuropsiquiatrico prominente con diagnostico final de encefalitis limbica por anticuerpos anti N-metil D-aspartato secundario a teratoma ovarico, con remision total del cuadro despues del tratamiento multimodal. Conclusion: este tipo de patologia representa un verdadero reto diagnostico-terapeutico. Es importante conocer la epidemiologia de esta enfermedad con objeto de evitar demoras en el diagnostico y en el potencial tratamiento curativo. EnglishIntroduction: Encephalitis by antibodies against the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor receptor usually represents a characteristic syndrome of multiphasic evolution and wide differential diagnosis. This type of encephalitis can be associated with a tumor, and therefore be considered a paraneoplastic syndrome, with predominant involvement in women and being the ovarian teratoma the most frequently implicated tumor. Clinical case: A 35-year-old patient with a prominent neuropsychiatric disorder with a final diagnosis of limbic encephalitis due to anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibodies secondary to ovarian teratoma, with complete remission of the symptoms after multimodal treatment. Conclusion: This type of pathology represents a diagnostic-therapeutic challenge. It is important to know the epidemiology of this disease in order to avoid delays in the diagnosis and potential curative treatment