Abstract
Using the dilute-dense factorization in the color glass condensate framework, we investigate the azimuthal angular correlation between a heavy quarkonium and a charged light hadron in proton-nucleus collisions. We extract the second harmonic v_{2}, commonly known as the elliptic flow, with the light hadron as the reference. This particular azimuthal angular correlation between a heavy meson and a light hadron was first measured at the LHC recently. The experimental results indicate that the elliptic flows for heavy flavor mesons (J/ψ and D^{0}) are almost as large as those for light hadrons. Our calculation demonstrates that this result can be naturally interpreted as an initial state effect due to the interaction between the incoming partons from the proton and the dense gluons inside the target nucleus. Since the heavy quarkonium v_{2} exhibits a weak mass dependence according to our calculation, we predict that the heavy quarkonium ϒ should have a similar elliptic flow as compared to that of the J/ψ, which can be tested in future measurements.
Highlights
Introduction.—Plenty of evidence for strong collectivity phenomenon in small collisional systems, such as pp and pPb collisions at the LHC and dAu collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), has been reported [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] in the last few years
Since the heavy quarkonium v2 exhibits a weak mass dependence according to our calculation, we predict that the heavy quarkonium Υ should have a similar elliptic flow as compared to that of the J=ψ, which can be tested in future measurements
The quark gluon plasma created in the collisions with high multiplicity are treated as relativistic fluids, and the flow harmonics can be viewed as the final state effect due to hydrodynamic evolution of small collisional systems with a certain amount of initial anisotropy
Summary
Introduction.—Plenty of evidence for strong collectivity phenomenon in small collisional systems, such as pp and pPb collisions at the LHC and dAu collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), has been reported [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8] in the last few years. The experimental results indicate that the elliptic flows for heavy flavor mesons (J=ψ and D0) are almost as large as those for light hadrons. The collectivity in small systems is measured and computed in terms of particle azimuthal correlations in high multiplicity pp and pA collisions and has become one of the most interesting and important topics in heavy ion physics.
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