Abstract
The regeneration methods in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) already developed were genotype dependent and were unsuccessful for Indian cultivars. Hence, an efficient protocol for in vitro organogenesis and plant regeneration in sesame was attempted with TMV 3 cultivar. Immature cotyledons derived from 1-week old seedlings were cultured on MS (Murashige and Shoog) medium fortified with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), thidiazuran (TDZ) and kinetin for adventitious shoot induction. It was found that optimal medium for direct shoot formation was MS with BAP (2.0 mg/l) at a frequency of 74% with an average of 4.5 shoots per expalnt. The shoot regeneration frequency was significantly reduced with either TDZ or kinetin when compared with BAP alone. Elongated individual shoots were transferred on MS media supplemented with Indole Butyric Acid (IBA; 0.5 mg/l) showed rooting frequency of 70%. The rooted plantlets were acclimatized to potting mixture containing sand, soil and clay mixture and grown to maturity with survival rate of 65 %. No phenotypic aberrations were observed among the ex vitro transferred plantlets. The protocol described here assures a high frequency of shoot regeneration, root induction and also plant survival rate.
Highlights
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L., family: Pedaliaceae) is an important crop mainly cultivated in tropical and subtropical areas, and are rich in oil and protein
An effective plant regeneration system that could be applicable to a wide group of genotypes for a given species is inconsistent among the cultivated varieties of sesame [7, 16, 17]
The cotyledons excised from such seedlings were given a cut at the proximal end to prevent apical shoot formation (Fig. 1 b)
Summary
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L., family: Pedaliaceae) is an important crop mainly cultivated in tropical and subtropical areas, and are rich in oil and protein. Even though the nutritive and medicinal properties of sesame seeds are well known, there was not much increase in area, production and productivity of this crop for many years. The reasons for such stagnant scenario can be grouped as crop productive and crop improvement. One recent report on sesame regeneration revealed that cotyledon explants derived from 1-2 w old seedlings were unsuccessful to facilitate in vitro adventitious shoot regeneration [17]. The aim of the study reported here is to establish a successful regeneration system using cotyledon explants derived from 1-week old seedlings of sesame
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