Abstract
AbstractThis study aims to assess the suppressive effect of plant crude extracts, bio-, and mineral fertilizers, plant-animal origin compost, and vermicompost for controlling potato bacterial wilt and soft diseases in in-vitro and in-vivo pots experiments. Nine plant crude extracts were screened in-vitro for their antibacterial effectiveness against Ralstonia solanacearum, Pectobacterium carotovorum, and Pectobacterium atrosepticum. Ethanolic and water crude extracts from peels and leaves of Punicum granatum L. and Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh respectively, showed the most growth inhibition against the three tested bacteria. In-vivo assessment, the peels ethanolic and water crude extract for P. granatum L. were the most effective treatments that exhibited a 91% and 89% decrease in the disease severity, area under disease progress curve of R. solanacearum wilt disease, population count, and enhanced the potato growth parameters, triterpenoids, and higher potato yield compared to other assessed mineral and organic fertilizers. In another in-planta experiment, treating potato tubers with these plant extracts significantly suppressed the maceration symptoms on the tubers, pre-inoculated by either P. carotovorum or P. atrosepticum with a treatment efficiency (TE) of 100% for each, except for the water extract of E. camaldulensis Dehnh that showed 22% of efficiency as compared to untreated potato tubers. Phytochemical characterization and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed the presence of phenols, tannins, and flavonoids that have antimicrobial activity in both extracts. These treatments are recommended to be applied individually or as an effective component of integrated pest management program to enhance potato tolerance against bacterial pathogens during the growing season and storage.
Published Version
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