Effects of Soil Aggregate Stability on Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen under Land Use Change in an Erodible Region in Southwest China.

Qian Zhang,Man Liu,Guilin Han

doi:10.3390/ijerph16203809

Abstract

Soil aggregate stability can indicate soil quality, and affects soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil organic nitrogen (SON) sequestration. However, for erodible soils, the effects of soil aggregate stability on SOC and SON under land use change are not well known. In this study, soil aggregate distribution, SOC and SON content, soil aggregate stability, and soil erodibility were determined in the soils at different depths along the stages following agricultural abandonment, including cropland, abandoned cropland, and native vegetation land in an erodible region of Southwest China. Soil aggregation, soil aggregate stability, and SOC and SON content in the 0–20 cm depth soils increased after agricultural abandonment, but soil texture and soil erodibility were not affected by land use change. Soil erodibility remained in a low level when SOC contents were over 20 g·kg−1, and it significantly increased with the loss of soil organic matter (SOM). The SOC and SON contents increased with soil aggregate stability. This study suggests that rapidly recovered soil aggregate stability after agricultural abandonment promotes SOM sequestration, whereas sufficient SOM can effectively maintain soil quality in karst ecological restoration.

Highlights

Agricultural abandonment is generally supposed to significantly increase the stocks of soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil organic nitrogen (SON) [1,2,3]
In the soils under these land uses, the K factors increased with increasing of soil depth; an obvious increase occurred at 30 cm depth under native vegetation land, at 20 cm depth under abandoned cropland, and at 10 cm depth under cropland. These results suggested that land use change did not alter soil erodibility, but did affect the depth of measurable response in these soils
Similar relationships between K factor and SON content were observed (Figure 3d–f). These results suggest that sufficient soil organic matter (SOM) can sustain soil quality, and that SOM loss increases the risk of soil erosion

Summary

Introduction

Agricultural abandonment is generally supposed to significantly increase the stocks of soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil organic nitrogen (SON) [1,2,3]. Some studies report that the SOC and SON stocks show unaltered or decreased trends following agricultural abandonment, and are dependent on climate, prior land use type, and soil type [1,2]. Many soil physical properties, for example, soil bulk density, porosity, and permeability, will be improved in the surface soils after agricultural abandonment [4], and these soil physical properties can affect the rate of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition [5]. Soil microbial diversity and quantity generally increase after agricultural abandonment [6,7], which improves SOM stabilization through secretion of organic products. The responses of the SOC and SON to land use change are largely unknown [3]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion