Abstract
The soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial communities were affected by different fertilizer management. Fertilizer regime were closely relative to the soil texture and nutrient status in a double-cropping paddy field of southern China. However, there was limited information about the influence of different manure nitrogen (N) input on soil microbial communities in a double-cropping rice (Oryza sativa L.) field. Therefore, the short-term different manure N input rate management on soil bacterial and fungal diversity in a double-cropping paddy field of southern China were studied by using Illumina sequencing and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction technology in the present paper. The filed experiment were including 100% N of chemical fertilizer (M0), 30% N of organic manure and 70% N of chemical fertilizer (M30), 50% N of organic manure and 50% N of chemical fertilizer (M50), 100% N of organic manure (M100), and without N fertilizer input as control (CK). The results showed that diversity indices of soil microbial communities with application of organic manure and chemical N fertilizer treatments were higher than that of CK treatment. Application of organic manure and chemical N fertilizer management increase soil bacterial abundance of the phylum Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria, and soil fungi abundance of the phylum Basidiomycota and Zygomycota were also increased. Compared with CK treatment, the value of Richness, Shannon and McIntosh indices, and taxonomic diversity were increased with M30, M50 and M100 treatments. This finding demonstrated that M30, M50 and M100 treatments modify soil bacterial and fungal diversity. Therefore, the combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizer N management could significantly increase the abundance of profitable functional bacteria and fungi species in a double-cropping rice field of southern China.
Highlights
Soil microorganisms play an important role in biogeochemical cycle, which were affected by different fertilizer management and was closely relative with crop growth, nutrient cycling, and sustainability of soil p roductivity[1]
The results indicated that relative abundance of Gammaproteobacteria were richer higher with M30 (5%), M50 (6%) and M100 (4%) treatments soil, and the relative abundance of Acidobacteriales and Chlorobi were higher with CK (14%, 10%) treatment soil
The results showed that soil microbial community were mainly changed by different manure N input rate management, including soil structure, soil pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen, Soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), and soil microbial biomass nitrogen (SMBN) contents (Table 1), the soil total nitrogen, SOC, SMBC, and SMBN contents were increased with application of organic manure incorporation treatments compared with the without N fertilizer input treatment soil, consistent with the results of a previous s tudies[8,12]
Summary
Soil microorganisms play an important role in biogeochemical cycle, which were affected by different fertilizer management and was closely relative with crop growth, nutrient cycling, and sustainability of soil p roductivity[1]. Some studies indicated that different organic and inorganic N fertilizer practices was major factor in affecting soil community structure, diversity, and abundance of soil microbes, Wang et al.[11] result indicated that organic N input management enhance the diversity and stability of soil microbial community. There is little information about the influences of different manure N input rate practices on soil microbial activities and communities structure in a double-cropping paddy field of southern China. The object of this study were: (1) to analyze the effect on soil microbial community following 3-year of continuous application of different manure N input management, (2) to investigate the relationship between soil bacteria, fungi community and soil properties, and (3) to choose an proper fertilizer practice in a double-cropping paddy field of southern China
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