Effects of long‐term fertilizer management on soil bacterial diversity in double‐cropping paddy field of southern China

Abstract

AbstractThe soil physicochemical properties were affected by different fertilizer management, and the soil microbial communities were also changed. However, there is limited information about influence of long‐term fertilizer management on soil bacterial diversity in a double‐cropping rice (Oryza sativa L.) field. Therefore, the 34‐yr long‐term fertilizer regime on soil bacterial diversity in a double‐cropping paddy field of southern China were studied by using Illumina sequencing and quantitative technology in the present paper. The filed experiment were including mineral fertilizer alone (MF), rice straw residue and mineral fertilizer (RF), 30% manure and 70% mineral fertilizer (OM), and without fertilizer input as control (CK). The results indicated that application of manure and rice straw residue management increase soil volumetric water content, NO3−N and NH4−N contents. Compared with CK treatment, the diversity indices of soil microbial communities, value of Richness, Shannon and McIntosh indices, and taxonomic diversity were increased with RF and OM treatments. The phyla Planctomycetes, Acidobacteriales, Fimicutes, and Actinobacteria were the most abundant in the soil samples. Application of manure and rice straw residue management increase soil bacterial abundance of the phylum Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria. Meanwhile, the results also showed that there was a significant correlation between soil texture and relative abundances of Acidobacteriales, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Alphaproteobacteria. Therefore, the combined application of manure or rice straw residue with mineral fertilizer management could significantly increase the abundance of profitable functional bacteria species and soil nutrient status in a double‐cropping rice field of southern China.