Effects of resting heart rate on metabolic syndrome in young and middle-aged essential hypertension

Abstract

Objective To explore the relevance between resting heart rate (RHR) and metabolic syndrome in young and middle-aged patients with essential hypertension. Methods Three hundred and forty patients with essential hypertension were enrolled in this study. According to the RHR, the hypertension patients were categorized into 3 groups: group RHR 1(RHR 85 bpm,120 cases). The RHR, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, 2 h postprandial blood glucose and waistline were determined and compared. Results The level of fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandial blood glucose, triglyceride, waistline, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol in group RHR 1 were (4.96±0.65) mmol/L, (6.85±0.51) mmol/L, (1.69±0.43) mmol/L, (78.3±6.5) cm, (143.2±5.6) mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa), (85.4±5.2) mmHg and (1.08±0.64) mmol/L. In group RHR 2 they were (5.66±0.77) mmol/L, (7.94±0.66) mmol/L, (2.58±0.75) mmol/L, (88.6±7.3) cm, (156.7±6.1) mmHg, (93.6±4.7) mmHg, and (0.95±0.59) mmol/L. In group RHR 3 they were (6.85±0.73) mmol/L, (8.97±0.59) mmol/L, (3.52±0.90) mmol/L, (95.8±9.2) cm, (164.3±7.4) mmHg, (101.2±3.5) mmHg and (0.78±0.33) mmol/L. With the increase of RHR, the level of fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandial blood glucose, triglyceride, waistline, systolic pressure and diastolic pressure increased step by step, high density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased step by step, and there were significant differences (P <0.05). Correlation analysis showed that RHR was positively correlated with fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandia blood glucose, triglyceride and waistline (r =0.52, 0.45, 0.50, 0.36,P <0.05), and negatively correlated with high density lipoprotein cholesterol(r =-0.39,P <0.05). Conclusion RHR is closely related to the metabolic disorder in young and middle-aged patients with essential hypertension, and doctors should pay attention to the heart rate control while lowering blood pressure. Key words: Hypertension; Heart rate; Young and middle-aged; Metabolic syndrome