Prevalence of anxiety and depression and related factors in elderly patients with metabolic syndrome

Abstract

Objective To investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression in elderly patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) and its related factors. Methods A total of 672 subjects aged 60 or over undergoing health check-up in two Nanjing community health service centers from November 2015 to October 2016 were enrolled in the study. The basic information and the history of hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetes were collected by questionnaire survey; the results of physical examination and biochemical testing were documented. The prevalence of anxiety and depression were investigated by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). According to MS diagnostic criteria, the subjects were divided into MS group (n=181) and non-MS group (n=491). The HADS scores of two groups were compared and the influencing factors related to anxiety and depression were analyzed. Results The levels of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), body mass index(BMI), levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were higher and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was lower in MS group than those in non-MS group (all P<0.05). The prevalence rates of anxiety and depression in MS group (30.9% and 34.8%) were significantly higher than those in non-MS group (20.2% vs. 25.1%, χ2=8.655, 6.288, P=0.003, 0.012). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that obesity (BMI≥28 kg/m2), high FBG (≥7.0 mmol/L), hypertension [blood Pressure≥140/90 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)] were the independent risk factors for anxiety in MS patients (OR=3.987, 2.827, 2.375, respectively, all P<0.05); obesity (BMI≥28 kg/m2), high FBG(≥7.0 mmol/L), smoke, high TC (≥5.2 mmol/L), hypertension (≥140/90 mmHg) were the independent risk factors for depression in MS patients (OR=7.718, 3.233, 2.071, 1.932, 1.910, respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusion Elderly patients with metabolic syndrome are prone to anxiety and depression, and obesity, high FBG, hypertension and other factors are the risk factors for anxiety and depression. Key words: Metabolic syndrome; Anxiety; Depression