Abstract
The study investigated the effects cutting fluids on tool wearing on high speed steel (HSS) using mild steel workpiece for teaching machining operation. Two specific objectives guided the study, two corresponding research questions were poised and two null hypotheses were formulated. The theoretical frame work for the study was hinged on experiential learning theory as propounded by Rogers (1969). The growing demand for biodegradable materials has opened an avenue for using vegetable oils such as neem seed oil, castor oil and water melon seed oil as an alternative to conventional cutting fluids. In this study, some aspects of the turning process on mild steel using HSS cutting tool at variety of spindle speed, feed rate and constant depth of cut were observed using neem seed oil, soluble oil and straight oil in comparison. The data collected from the study was analyzed using mean and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The decision rule was that, the smaller the mean value obtained the more effective the cutting fluid and the higher the mean value, the less effective the cutting fluid. The hypotheses were tested at α=0.05 significance level using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The findings of the study revealed that soluble oil is more effective in reducing tool wearing than neem oil and straight oil at variety of feed rates and spindle speeds during machining operation. Also there is no significant difference in the mean readings of tool wearing when using neem oil, soluble oil, and straight oil as cutting fluid. It was therefore recommended that machinists should be encouraged to use soluble oil which has greater advantage over neem and straight oils in machining operations
Highlights
Cutting fluid is a type of coolant and lubricant used to reduce friction during machining operation
The results indicated that the neem seed oil cutting fluid reduced the surface roughness by 39% and 22% as compared to dry turning and soluble oil cutting respectively
HO1: There is no significant difference in the mean readings of neem oil, soluble oil, and straight oil on tool wearing when used at different feed rates during machining operations
Summary
Cutting fluid is a type of coolant and lubricant used to reduce friction during machining operation. It is very important in machining process. Cutting fluids are used to take away excessive heat in machining operations which can cause damage to the microstructure of metals. The use of cutting fluids in metal cutting has been noticed that, cutting speed could be increased up to 33% without reducing tool life by applying large amounts of water in the cutting zone, cutting fluids increase the tool life and improve the efficiency of the production systems providing both cooling and lubricating the work surface (Avila & Abrao, 2001)
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