Effects of metamaterial on bioinspired microstrip patch antenna

Abstract

Planar antenna technology has fundamentally changed the microwave communication fields. Planar antennas possibly can be printed on different types of dielectric substrates at a low cost. One fundamental factor that increases the desirability of planar antennas is their simple way of integration with microwave circuit components. This chapter presents some creative models and techniques for designing metamaterial-loaded bioinspired planar microstrip patch antennas such as the hibiscus and Kaju leaf-shaped antennas. Both antennas are loaded with mu-negative metamaterial cells, and the structure and characterization of double-negative metamaterials and mu-negative metamaterials have been discussed. The term “electromagnetic metamaterial” refers to an artificial substance composed of various varieties of structural designs on dielectric substrates. An investigation is being carried out by designing and simulating a metamaterial cell consisting of a square split-ring resonator with etching of copper strip on the ground plane to identify some peculiar parameters of the cell, such as double negativity, which are not present in other natural materials. The movement of these unit cells within a grouping shapes the material. These metamaterial cells have an extraordinary impact on the design of patch antennas by improving their characteristics. The proposed bioinspired microstrip patch antenna is designed at a 5.8 GHz resonance frequency useful for various WiMAX applications. We have used an FR4 substrate to design an antenna with a square split-ring resonator loaded on a ground plane. Conventional and proposed bio-patch antennas are simulated and analyzed, and performance comparisons of their parameters are reported.