Abstract
Investigating the behavior of fire smoke in utility tunnel as well as smoke prevention and control measures are of vital significance for exhausting smoke from utility tunnel, realizing efficient firefighting and rescue, and guaranteeing the normal operation of cities. Taking utility tunnel as the research background, this paper builds a simulation calculation model for fire smoke prevention and control in the utility tunnel using PyroSim numerical simulation software and explores the rules of smoke spread under conditions such as building ceiling screen, changing fire compartmentation tightness, and adding smoke exhaust facilities. According to study results, before the tunnel was filled with smoke, ceiling screens lowered smoke spread rate, and smoke spread rate was inversely proportional to the ceiling screen height. When the fire door was opened, fire smoke spread to the adjacent fire compartment, and smoke spread rate was directly proportional to the fire door opening angle. Before the tunnel was filled up, mechanical smoke exhaust facilities significantly lowered the smoke spread rate by as much as 50%. When the entire tunnel was full of smoke, mechanical smoke exhaust facilities significantly reduced the smoke concentration in the utility tunnel; smoke layer temperature dropped by as much as 32°C, while visibility improved by as much as 66%. By studying smoke spread in utility tunnel, this paper aims to determine the optimal measures of preventing and controlling smoke spread in utility tunnel. This paper could also offer some reference for practical engineering applications in smoke prevention and control in utility tunnel.
Highlights
As a comprehensive pipe gallery, utility tunnel is an urban underground tunnel space accommodating various kinds of engineering pipelines and important infrastructure and “lifeline” supporting the normal operation of cities [1]
To promote utility tunnel construction, the Chinese government has introduced a series of documents since 2013, such as the Opinions of the State Council on Strengthening Urban Infrastructure Construction and the Guiding Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Strengthening the Administration of Urban Underground Pipelines [2]
Since utility tunnels accommodate all kinds of cables essential for the normal operation of a city, in case of a fire, the vast amount of smoke produced by cable combustion will soon fill up the utility tunnel, posing significant difficulties to fire rescue operation and jeopardizing the normal operation of the city [5,6,7]. us, investigating the behavior of fire smoke in utility tunnels as well as smoke prevention and control measure is highly important for exhausting smoke from utility tunnel, realizing efficient firefighting and rescue operations and guaranteeing the normal operation of cities [8,9,10]
Summary
As a comprehensive pipe gallery, utility tunnel is an urban underground tunnel space accommodating various kinds of engineering pipelines (such as power, communication, fuel, heating, and water supply and drainage pipelines) and important infrastructure and “lifeline” supporting the normal operation of cities [1]. Liu et al put forward a reduced-scale model for the Foziling Tunnel in Nanning based on similarity theory, plotted it using SketchUp software, and used it to investigate the effect of wind speed on the rules of smoke flow in utility tunnel. Is paper first builds a numerical simulation model using field simulation software and simulates smoke spread in a utility tunnel under conditions such as building ceiling screen, changing fire compartmentation tightness, and adding smoke exhaust facilities. On this basis, this paper analyzes and summarizes simulation results as well as proposes some specific smoke prevention and control measures
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