Abstract
This three-arm, randomized, controlled study aimed to determine the differences in the effects of general advice (GA) on lifestyle change, intensive lifestyle modification programme (ILMP) and GA + metformin (GA + Met) in reducing the prevalence of full metabolic syndrome (MetS) in subjects with prediabetes; 294 Saudis with prediabetes (fasting glucose 5.6–6.9 mmol/L) were initially randomized, 263 completed 6 months and 237 completed 12 months. They were allocated into three groups: GA group which received a standard lifestyle change education; ILMP which followed a rigorous lifestyle modification support on diet and physical activity; and a GA + Met group. Anthropometric and biochemical estimations were measured. Full MetS (primary endpoint) and its components (secondary endpoint) were screened at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Full MetS in the ILMP group decreased by 26% (p < 0.001); in GA + Met group by 22.4% (p = 0.01) and in GA group by 8.2% (p = 0.28). The number of MetS components decreased significantly in the ILMP and GA + Met groups (mean change 0.81, p < 0.001 and 0.35, p = 0.05, respectively). Between-group comparison revealed a clinically significant decrease in MetS components in favor of the ILMP group (−0.58 (−0.88–0.28), p < 0.001). This study highlights the clinical potency of ILMP versus other diabetes prevention options in reducing MetS in Saudi adults with elevated fasting glucose.
Highlights
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has a huge impact on the health status of patients and the overall health care cost of the country
Landmark clinical trials like the Diabetes Prevention Programme (DPP) [3] and others [4,5] have revealed the effectiveness of lifestyle modifications in reducing the incidence of T2DM
Weight was significantly reduced in the general advice (GA) + Met group from baseline to 12 months
Summary
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has a huge impact on the health status of patients and the overall health care cost of the country. One big opportunity to reduce such an impact is to reduce the incidence of the disease by focusing on high-risk people such as those with impaired glucose regulation. This condition is characterized either by impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (fasting glucose levels 5.6–6.9 mmol/L) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Landmark clinical trials like the Diabetes Prevention Programme (DPP) [3] and others [4,5] have revealed the effectiveness of lifestyle modifications in reducing the incidence of T2DM. A recent meta-analysis [6,7]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary 
Published Version (
Free)
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call