Significant Reduction in Full Metabolic Syndrome in Saudi Subjects with Elevated Fasting Glucose through an Intensive Lifestyle Monitoring Programme of 12 months

Abstract

BackgroundThe present interventional study in adult Saudi subjects with elevated fasting glucose was aimed to determine the health benefits, in terms of reduction in full metabolic syndrome, of a 12‐month intensive lifestyle monitoring programme with emphasis on lowering dietary fat intake; exercise and increasing sunlight exposure.MethodsBetween April‐2012 and March‐2017, 300 Saudi subjects with baseline fasting glucose at 5.6 to 6.9mmol/l were screened and randomly divided into 3 groups: 1) General advice (GA) group who received a standard lifestyle change advice at recruitment and at 6‐months, 2) Intensive lifestyle monitoring programme (ILMP) group who was followed with a rigorous lifestyle modification support and 3) Metformin (GA+Met) group who was advised to take 3 tablets/day of 500 mg metformin hydrochloride. Basic anthropometric, glycemic, and lipid estimations were obtained at baseline and after 6‐months and 12‐months. The data for 85(GA), 73(ILMP) and 59(GA+Met) subjects was analyzed after removing those lost in follow‐up etc. The percentages of full metabolic syndrome and its five components were calculated for all three groups at different time points.ResultsThe mean fasting glucose at baseline, 6‐months and 12‐months respectively was 5.97±0.4, 6.07±0.7 and 5.92±0.9 (p=0.49) for GA group; 6.06±0.4, 5.66±0.8 and 5.67±0.8 (p<0.01) for ILMP group; and 6.57±0.5, 6.01±1.3 and 5.76±1.7 (p<0.01) for GA+Met group. 37.3 %( N=22) in GA+Met group were able to reduce their weight by atleast 5% from baseline while this number was 11 %( N=8) and 10.6 %( N=9) in ILMP and GA respectively. Full Metabolic syndrome at end of study compared to the baseline was 64.7%(N=55) vs 72.9%(62) (% change: Δ= −8.2%, p=not significant) for GA group; 35.6%(26) vs 61.6%(45) (Δ= −26%, p<0.01) for ILMP group and 64.4%(38) vs 83.1%(49) (Δ= −18.7%, p<0.01) for GA+Met group.ConclusionsThis study highlights the clinical potency of intensive lifestyle modification programme versus other anti‐diabetic management options in reducing full metabolic syndrome in Saudi adults with elevated fasting glucose.This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.