Abstract
Along with damages caused by tsunamis, huge areas were affected by liquefaction at the wake of Tohoku Region Pacific Coast Earthquake. Demands seem to increase for seismic reinforcement on soils beneath existing structures not only for the devastated areas, but also for other places where seismic events are expected to occur in near future. In this paper, liquefaction countermeasures are first reviewed of which the authors were in charge during the site works. Restrictions for the works were highlighted to show how they were overcome. Effectiveness of the liquefaction countermeasures were also explained through observations at the projected sites. Finally, an innovative soil improvement method recently developed by the authors is introduced. The method consists of directional drilling and permeation grouting that can conduct soil improvement work beneath existing structures effectively and economically.
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