Abstract
Strain-hardening, thermal-softening as well as grain refinement may lead to unexpected changes in surface hardness of turned steel parts. Although the relationship between hardness, microstructure and cutting parameters has been investigated in previous research works, the prediction of surface hardness remains still a challenge. In this work, orthogonal turning tests were performed using low carbon steel AISI 4140 and thermomechanical loads, surface hardness and microstructure were measured. The relationship between surface hardness and thermomechanical loads was explored by establishing an empirical model. Moreover, grain size evolution was observed and correlated with micro hardness. Results suggest that cutting conditions can be controlled to achieve desired surface hardness by evaluating functions dependent on in-process measurements.
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