Effect of Rhus verniciflua Extract on IgE-Antigen-Mediated Allergic Reaction in Rat Basophilic Leukemic RBL-2H3 Mast Cells and Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis in Mice.

Hyun Ju Do,Hye Jin Yang,Yeo Jin Hwang,Kwang Il Park

doi:10.1155/2019/6497691

Abstract

Rhus verniciflua is widely known for its antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, and antiaging efficacy and α-glucosidase inhibition. This study was designed whether Rhus verniciflua extracts inhibit the IgE-antigen-mediated allergic reaction in RBL-2H3 mast cells, and it further investigated the FcεRI- and arachidonate-signaling by which Rhus verniciflua extracts exert its antiallergic effects. IgE-antigen-sensitized RBL-2H3 mast cells were investigated for the cytotoxicity of Rhus verniciflua extracts and β-hexosaminidase release, and inflammatory mediators (e.g., TNF-α, IL-4, IL-6, histamine, and PGD2) were then assessed. Additionally, we examined expressions of genes involved in arachidonate- and FcεRI-signaling pathway in RBL-2H3. Rhus verniciflua extracts inhibited β-hexosaminidase release and production of the inflammatory mediators in RBL-2H3. Rhus verniciflua extracts reduced amounts of histamine and expressions of FcεRI signaling-related genes such as Lyn and Syk and phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase in mast cells. Finally, in late allergic responses, Rhus verniciflua extracts reduced PGD2 release and COX-2 and cPLA2 phosphorylation expressions from IgE-antigen-mediated mast cells. Lastly, 250–500 mg/kg RVE significantly attenuated the Ag/IgE-induced passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction in mice. These findings provide novel information on the molecular mechanisms underlying the antiallergy properties of Rhus verniciflua extracts in FcɛRI-mediated allergic reaction.

Highlights

Rhus verniciflua (RV) has been used in traditional Asian medicine in many countries including Korea and China to prevent gastritis, stomach cancer, atherosclerosis, aging, and hypertension and to promote blood circulation [1]
In order to determine any cell viability of Rhus verniciflua extract (RVE) treatment on RBL-2H3 cells, we performed the MTT assay and found out that RVE did not show cytotoxicity at the concentration range of 100–500 μg/ml in RBL-2H3 cells (Figure 2(a)). e β-hexosaminidase release use it as a marker of degranulation on immunoglobulin E (IgE)-antigen-mediated allergic reaction in mast cell [14]
IL-6 influences on the propagation of mast cells, excessive production of which is associated with chronic inflammatory diseases as well as with autoimmune disorders like rheumatoid arthritis and lupus nephritis [24]. e results of the present study suggest that RVE remarkably suppressed production of inflammatory cytokines on IgEantigen-stimulated mast cell with respect to concentration

Summary

Introduction

Rhus verniciflua (RV) has been used in traditional Asian medicine in many countries including Korea and China to prevent gastritis, stomach cancer, atherosclerosis, aging, and hypertension and to promote blood circulation [1]. It has been shown to have antioxidant, antibacterial, and α-glucosidase-inhibition effects. Several studies reported that it inhibits proinflammatory cytokines and the vascular endothelial growth factor in fibroblast-like synoviocytes in in vivo models of rheumatoid arthritis [2]. It was reported that RV inhibits the occurrence of atopic dermatitislike lesions in animals with atopic dermatitis; RV has an anti-inflammatory effect on macrophages [3]. Little has been known about the FcεRI-mediated cell signaling mechanism. Mast cells contain FcεRI receptors, which are known as immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptors, in the plasma membrane [4]. When mast cells are activated, histamine, heparin, and proteases stored in the granules of these cells are released, producing chemical mediators such as leukotrienes and prostaglandins [5]. Ese chemical mediators expand the blood vessels within a short time, increasing their permeability When mast cells are activated, histamine, heparin, and proteases stored in the granules of these cells are released, producing chemical mediators such as leukotrienes and prostaglandins [5]. ese chemical mediators expand the blood vessels within a short time, increasing their permeability

Methods

Results

Conclusion