Effect of Organic Fertilizer Spraying from Various Sources and Agricultural Sulfur in the Growth and Harvest of Garlic

Abstract

The field experiment was conducted during the season 2021-2022 in Baquba nursery affiliated to Diyala Agriculture Directorate. In order to study the effect of organic fertilizer and agricultural sulfur on the growth and yield of garlic, the study included two factors; The first is sulfur: without addition (control), agricultural sulfur, ground addition 75 kg ha-1, and spraying with liquid sulfur 2 ml L-1. The second factor was spraying with five types of organic fertilizers, namely: spraying with aqueous extract of sheep manure at a concentration of 100%, spraying with polyamine at a concentration of 2 g L-1, spraying with humic acid 1 ml L-1, and spraying with compost tea at a concentration of 100% in addition to a treatment without spraying (control treatment). The experiment included fifteen treatments and three replications, so the total of the experimental units became forty-five experimental units. A factorial experiment was applied in the split-cut system within the Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D). Results showed that spraying with liquid sulfur 2ml-1 (exceeds in all characteristics of vegetative growth and the yield The number of leaves (9.06 leaf.plant-1), the leaf area (7.56 dm2 plant-1) and the relative content of total chlorophyll (1.58 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight) and the number of lobes per head (39.63 clove. head-1) Head weight (75.27 gm head-1) and total yield (22.58 tons h-1) Measured by the low comparison treatment and gave the lowest values at 8.08 leaf plant-1 and 6.30 dcm2 plant-1, 1.32 mg 100 g-1 fresh weight and 35.86 clove head-1 and 59.25 g head-1 and 17.77 tons h-1 respectively. As regards spraying with organic fertilizer, the results show that the humic acid treatment (1 ml-1) was significantly higher than the control treatment in terms of the number of leaves (9.55 leaf plant-1) and leaf area (8.27 dcm2 plant-1) and relative content Number of cloves per head (42.05, head-weight (81.33gm) and total yield (24.39 ton.h-1). The results of control treatment were 7.42 leaf plant-1 and 4.72 dcm2 plant-1 and 1.00 mg 100 g-1 tender weight 31.85 clove head-1, 50.03 grams head-1 and 15.01 tons h-1, in order. The interaction between sul[hur liqid 2 ml L-1 and humic acid 1 ml L-1 had a significant effect on the leaf number per plant (10.33) leaf area (9.14 dcm2 plant-1) and relative content of total chlorophyll in leaves (1.95mg 100gm-1 fresh weight), cloves (45.66 clove head-1) and head weight (92.55gm head-1) and the total output of the heads (27.76 tons h1) compared to the comparative treatment of 7.20 leaf head-1, 4.39 dcm2 plant-1, 0.97 mg 100g-1 fresh weight, 31.58 clove head-1, 48.33 gm head-1 and 14.50 tons h.1 respectively.