Abstract
Simple SummaryPersistent endometritis is one of the major causes of infertility in mares and results in endometrium degeneration, namely, endometrosis. Platelets-rich plasma (PRP) is an emerging therapeutic application in tissue regeneration because of its high concentration of growth factors with a high mitogenic and anti-inflammatory potential, but reduced preservation time. L-GFequina is a freeze-dried, stabilized, platelet-rich plasma product (PP) that can be stored at 2 to 8 °C for several months. It can be easily used after reconstitution with sterile saline or water, eliminating the need for repeated blood product collection and special equipment. The intrauterine infusion of equine platelet-rich plasma or L-GFequina can be used indistinctly in repeat breeder mares, shortening the estrous cycle, with no significant effect on the follicular diameter, as well as increasing pregnancy rate in Arabian purebred mares.This study was designed to examine the effect of the intrauterine infusion of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or equine lyophilized growth factor (L-GFequina) on the follicular growth, endometrial thickness, estrus cycle length, and pregnancy rate in purebred Arabian mares. A total of 73 purebred Arabian mares who experienced repeat breeding for three successive cycles were randomly divided into the following three groups: control group, without treatment; second Group (PRP group), in which mares were intrauterine infused with 20 mL of fresh PRP on the second day after the end of physic estrus phase; and the third group (L-GFequina Group), consisting of mares that were intrauterine infused with 20 mL of reconstituted lyophilized horse platelets growth factors (L-GFequina) on the second day after the estrus phase. The results showed no significant difference between control and treated groups in the diameter of the preovulatory follicles during the post treatment cycle. The endometrium thickness increased significantly in the L-GFequina and PRP groups ahead of the non-treated group. Intrauterine L-GFequina or PRP administration shortened the estrus cycle length. A higher pregnancy rate was recorded in the L-GFequina and PRP treated mares. In conclusion, the intrauterine infusion of L-GFequina or PRP increased the endometrial thickness and pregnancy rate and could be used to improve fertility in Arabian purebred mares who experienced from repeat breeding.
Highlights
Despite their economic importance as racing and show animals, Arabian horses constitute an important role in Arabian heritage
The results showed that an intrauterine infusion of 20 mL of L-GFequina in repeat breeding Arabian mares produced a significantly (p < 0.00) shorter time to the estrus phase (7.56 days) compared with the platelet-rich plasma (PRP) (9.62 days) or control groups (21.06 days)
The estrous cycle was significantly (p < 0.00) shorter in the PRP group compared with the control group
Summary
Despite their economic importance as racing and show animals, Arabian horses constitute an important role in Arabian heritage. Pure Arabian horses are facing a marked reduction in their population size because of certain factors such as exportation and diseases. The subfertility of the Arabian horse breed is a great problem facing the expansion of Arabian horse breeding programs, as well as the high prices for this horse breed. Persistent post breeding induced endometritis (PBIE) is one of the major causes of infertility in mares, affecting and hindering their breeding programs [2]. The mucosa of the female reproductive system uses a defense mechanism that removes contaminants through a combination of cellular, humoral, and mechanical factors of contraction, as well as lymphatic drainage, which facilitates uterine clearance and the elimination of the physiological inflammatory process [3]
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