Effect of herbicides and surfactants on enzymes of energy metabolism in European carp

Abstract

<p>The effect of herbicides (2,4-D, Roundup, Senkor) and surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate (pure and as part of detergents) on enzymes of energy pathways in the scaly carp's body was studied. Gills, brain, liver and white muscle were selected for the analysis. To determine the levels of activity of enzymes in energy metabolism, lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.27) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49) in the cytoplasmic fraction and isocitrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.42) in the mitochondrial fraction were studied. The research found that sodium lauryl sulfate, both pure and in a synthetic detergent, increase the activity of enzymes in all experimental groups. Effect of herbicides was ambiguous. Under the influence of Sencor the activity of enzymes increases in all tissues. Roundup causes inhibition of enzymes in the brain, but there is an increase in the activity of enzymes in other tissues under the influence of this toxicant. The influence of 2,4-D causes increased activity of isocitrate dehydrogenase in all experimental groups, as well as the activity of lactate dehydrogenase in the brain and the liver increases, whereas in gills and white muscle it decreases. The activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase by the impact of 2,4-D was decreased only in the liver, in other groups - was increased. The investigations may be evidence of adaptive alterations in energy metabolism aimed at the survival of fish under conditions of herbicides and surfactants toxic effects. Also increase the activity of enzymes can be related to detoxification processes occurring in the body and require additional energy consumption. The article presents the results of the study of the influence of herbicides (2,4-D, Zenkor, Roundup) and surfactant the sodium laurylsulfate (pure and as a part of the synthetic detergent) on the activity of lactate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the liver, gills, brain and white muscle of scaly carp (<em>Cyprinus carpio</em> L.). Human impact on water forcing fish to use various mechanisms of adaptation to the changed environmental conditions. Knowledge about the features of the receipt, distribution, accumulation of xenobiotics in organs and tissues, biochemical changes as a result of poisoning can be used to find out the mechanisms of fish's adaptation to toxicants, for identify the causes of death of hydrobionts in natural waters and to justify methods of controlling environmental pollution. The results of the research show that the influence of herbicides and surfactants causes significant changes in the processes of energy metabolism of scaly carp.</p>