Effect of glass fiber and nylon fiber reinforcement on the mechanical and thermal properties of styrene butadiene rubber mixed PMMA denture base material

Abstract

ObjectivesThe present investigation is aimed at evaluating the effect of styrene butadiene rubber, glass fibre, nylon fibre and hybrid reinforcement of glass and nylon fibre with 0.5 and 1.0 wt% on the impact, flexural, and compressive properties. MethodsA total of 19 groups were formed, including one control group and 18 study groups. All specimens were fabricated according to the standards and tests were performed. The enhancement of strengths were characterised by using scanning electron micrographs, FTIR results, XRD, and DMA tests. The degradability was studied using TGA/DTA analysis. The results were analysed using one-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s post hoc multiple comparison test at p ≤ 0.05. ResultsThe maximum impact, flexural, and compressive strength were found to be 3.234 ± 0.202 kJ/m2, 70.07 ± 0.7 MPa, and 84.929 ± 0.85 MPa for hybrid reinforcement of 0.5 wt% nylon fiber and 0.5 wt% glass fiber with 1.0 wt% of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) mixed PMMA denture base material. Statistical analysis shows that the maximum mean impact strength, flexural strength, and compressive strength are about 84%, 58%, and 67% higher than the pure PMMA (control group). The maximum flexural modulus and compressive modulus are 914.4 MPa and 407.847 MPa for denture base material made of 1.0 wt% SBR, 1.0 wt% nylon fiber, 0.5 wt% glass fiber, and 0.5 wt% SBR, 0.5 wt% nylon fiber, respectively. The storage moduli of 1.0 wt% SBR, 1.0 wt% nylon fiber, and 0.5 wt% glass fiber-reinforced denture base material and pure PMMA are 0.096 and 0.422 at 79 °C, respectively, which indicates significant crosslinking of fiber and PMMA. The failure surfaces are characterized by a homogeneous distribution of fiber with increased surface roughness and fiber pullout, strong bonding, and well-dispersed SBR.