Abstract
This research improved tungsten oxide catalysts to increase efficiency in photocatalytic degradation of furfural under visible light. The aim of this research was to compare the efficiency of modified tungsten oxide with undoped and commercial tungsten oxide. Tungsten oxide nanoparticles were doped with 3 single metals, which were Fe/Cu/Ti at 1%wt, 2%wt, and 3%wt, synthesized by flame spray pyrolysis technique (FSP) and then characterization by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption/desorption (BET surface area analysis), UV-Vis Spectroscopy (UV-Vis). Photocatalytic degradation experiments using doped WO3 were carried out with 5 ppm initial concentration of furfural solution using 0.6 M catalyst concentration under visible light. From the results, FSP-synthesized WO3 has better efficiency in furfural degradation than the commercial WO3. All catalysts have mesoporous structure because an average pore size is in the range of 6-10 nm. Among all synthesized and doped WO3, it can be concluded that 3%wt Fe-doped tungsten oxide provides the highest acceleration rate in photocatalytic degradation of furfural.
Highlights
Tungsten oxide is one of the most promising inorganic materials which exhibit excellent electrochromic, photochromic and gasochromic properties and it has been widely investigated to be used in gas sensor application
In order to increase the photocatalytic performance of WO3, the addition of transition metals could either be alleviating of electrons-holes recombination process or supporting electrons to go to conduction band easier
According to the 2 peaks of (002) and (200) WO3 almost disappear to merely the rest of (020), it seems to be inferred that doping Fe possesses the most modified tungsten oxide phase, while the insignificant results appeared in case of Cu/Ti doping
Summary
Tungsten oxide is one of the most promising inorganic materials which exhibit excellent electrochromic, photochromic and gasochromic properties and it has been widely investigated to be used in gas sensor application. WO3, with a band gap between 2.2 and 2.8 eV [2], is a visible light response catalyst, make it as an alternative choice for the photocatalytic oxidation of organic pollutants under solar irradiation instead of TiO2. In order to increase the photocatalytic performance of WO3, the addition of transition metals could either be alleviating of electrons-holes recombination process or supporting electrons to go to conduction band easier. WO3 samples were synthesized using flame spray pyrolysis, doped with Fe/Cu/Ti at different amount by wt%, characterized and tested the photocatalytic performance with 3 hours furfural degradation reaction under visible light
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