Abstract
The effect of indole-3-acetic acidcoated biogenic tungsten oxide nanoparticles on seed germination of Linum usitatissimum (flaxseed) and antifungal activity against phytopathogen was evaluated by well-diffusion assay. Green synthesis of tungsten oxide (WO3) nanoparticles using Alpinia galanga (Thai ginger) leaf extract with sodium tungstate precursor and characterized by spectroscopic analysis. Auxin plays a major role in plant growth development. Among auxin, indole-3-acetic acids (IAA) act as signal molecules for the development of plant growth and gene regulation. IAA-coated green synthesized tungsten oxide (IAA-WO3) nanoparticles were tested for enhancing the growth of flaxseed and antifungal activity against phytopathogen. All the characterization analyses indicate that the crystal nature of WO3 and IAA-WO3 nanoparticles was monoclinic phase (WO3 and W18O49) with z-average size of 316 and 123 d nm, respectively. The band gap energy of WO3 and IAA-WO3 NPs is estimated by Tauc plot using optical densities of 2.82 eV and 2.0 eV, respectively. IAA-WO3 NPs have no adverse effect on seed germination of Linum usitatissimum. However, compared to WO3 NPs treated seeds showed significant decrease in germination. The antifungal studies conclude that IAA-WO3 NPs had maximum zone of inhibition, which was observed in Fusarium oxysporum (12.46 ± 0.55) at 100 mg/L, when compared to WO3 NPs (9.63 ± 0.32) and control (P < 0.05). The result suggested that indole-3-acetic acidcoated tungsten oxide nanoparticles can act as effective antifungal agents and plant growth-promoting nanofertilizers in the agriculture field.
Published Version
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