Abstract
根据新疆奇台县1989~2005年化肥施用量和粮食单产数据, 采用趋势线法分析了该县化肥单位面积施用量的时间序列变化, 并采用相关分析对化肥施用量与粮食单产的关系进行探讨。结果表明: 奇台县化肥单位面积施用量受粮食价格及化肥价格变化的影响较大, 从1989年的65.65 kg·hm<sup>-2</sup>上升到最大值1998年的196.6 kg·hm<sup>-2</sup>后下降, 整个时间序列曲线呈抛物线状, 且N、P、K施用比例较为合理, 为促进粮食增产发挥了作用。1989~2005年粮食单产与单位面积化肥施用量存在明显的正相关关系, 随施肥量的增加, 粮食单产也趋于增加, 当化肥施用量达到170 kg·hm<sup>-2</sup>时, 再增加化肥施用量对粮食的增产效果已不明显。因此, 该县今后在粮食种植过程中应防止过量施肥, 推广科学施肥, 以更大程度地提高粮食产量。
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