Effect of ametropic and anisometropic amblyopia on the development of children's stereoscopic function

Abstract

Objective To investigate and compare the differences between ametropic and anisometropic amblyopia stereoscopic function of children with.Methods Sixty-three ametropic or anisometropic amblyopia children whose corrected visual acuity was recovered to normal were included.According to the result of retinoscopy after mydriasis in the first visit,the patients were divided into two groups:Group A (ametropia group,41 cases) and Group B (Anisometropia group,22 cases).In addition,according to first visit age of the children,they were divided into 3 groups:Group a (≥3 years old,7 cases),Group b (3 ～ 6 years old) 47 cases,and Group c (≥6 years old) 9 cases.Synoptophore and Yan Shaoming Stereoscopic Vision Control Chart were used to examine their far and near stereoscopic respectively.The statistically differences between far and near stereopsis were analyzed among the groups.Results Nineteen children owed the normal far stereoscopic and 5 owed the normal near stereoscopic among the 63 cases.Sixteen children (39.0％) of Groups A and three children (14.3％) of Groups B owned the normal far stereoscopic,and differences between the two groups showed statistical significance (P ＜0.05).Four (9.7％) children got the normal near stereoscopic in Group A,and one (4.5％) in Group B.Differences between the two groups did not show any significant (P ＞0.05).In the three groups of a,b,and c,the far stereoscopic differences between a and b and between a and c showed statistical significance (P ＜0.01,P ＜0.05),but the far stereoscopic difference between b and c has no significant (P ＞0.05).The near stereoscopic differences among the three groups had no significant (P ＞0.05).After treatment,among the 63 cases of amblyopia children 19 (30.2％) got the normal far stereoscopic vision and only five (7.9％) got the near stereoscopic vision,there were statistically significant difference between far and near stereoscopic vision (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions After treatment,although the children obtain the normal visual acuity,not all of them recover normal stereoscopic vision.Both ametropia and anisometropia do harm to the stereo visual function of children,however,the anisometropia particularly.The first visit age also has effect on the stereo visual function of children,thus the amblyopia children should receive treatment as soon as possible. Key words: Amblyopia; Stereoscopic vision; Ametropia; Anisometropia