Abstract
The majority of the pavements in the world are surfaced with asphalt mixes. Milling is a necessary step for the removal of aged or distressed Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) materials and recovery of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) for rehabilitation of asphalt pavements. The objective of this study was to predict the milling-induced stresses for two asphalt mixes. Using laboratory-measured stiffness, a three-dimensional finite element model (3-D FEM) was developed and validated with drop tower impact tests. The models were simulated at 25 °C and 60 °C, with unaged, 60 months, and 120-month aged conditions. Viscoelastic and Drucker-Prager models with the maximum principal stress failure criterion and the erosion method were utilized to predict failure. Results showed that the milling-induced stress zone increases significantly with increased stiffness/aging. Milling at 25 °C results in greater stress penetration depth than at 60 °C and leads to the formation of cracks below the milling line.
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