Economic feasibility of integrating solar energy into water utility operations in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico

Abstract

We perform an economic feasibility analysis for installing grid-connected solar arrays with batteries to power ten water supply, distribution, and treatment stations in Ciudad Juárez in tandem with the existing local grid. This article covers detailed results from the four stations that represent the topographical and geographical variability of the city and the variable electricity demand across sites. Using data from the city’s water utility and calculations from the HOMER and RETScreen models, we find contrasting results. The HOMER model finds that solar arrays with or without batteries are economically viable while RETScreen reaches the opposite conclusion. One key reason for this is the two models’ differing predictions on the amount of electricity the proposed solar arrays would supply. Further, having reliable battery storage is paramount to overcoming grid outages and the intermittent availability of solar power to ensure the success of solar projects. Global scientific consensus recognizes the need for more renewable energy. With a sunny-climate and its status as a manufacturing hub on the US-Mexico border, Ciudad Juárez has the potential to lead the way forward in promoting solar energy. The comparative results of the HOMER and RETScreen models provide a more complete understanding of the feasibility of solar power for Ciudad Juárez’s water infrastructure as well as vital insight into the factors that shape the success of solar projects.