Abstract
The organizational and economic foundations for the formation of an investment strategy for the development of urban electric transport enterprises have been developed. The economic content of the main stages of the investment process at these enterprises has been clarified. A list of basic principles for the effective formation of the investment process has been compiled. It is proved that the enterprises of urban electric transport in Ukraine are currently unprofitable and the problems of investment support for them are extremely relevant and important. The main directions of the development of investment activity of urban electric transport enterprises have been investigated and strategic, tactical and operational methods of its activation have been proposed. At the same time, there are three main aspects of enhancing investment activity: investment, innovation and technological. The main provisions of the strategy of attracting investment sources by urban electric transport enterprises have been developed, which allows ensuring the required level of investment flexibility of the enterprise and independence in obtaining investment resources from various sources. The main stages of this process have been identified and substantiated, which include: the time of action, the formation of strategic goals, the algorithm for selecting and justifying the sources of investment resources and the practical implementation of the investment strategy. The practical aspects of rating sources of investment resources have been investigated, taking into account risk factors, time of use, investment prices, the ability of an enterprise and the state to influence the formation and use of investment sources. An integral indicator has been determined for each of the possible sources of investment resources, according to which the most acceptable for urban electric transport enterprises in terms of the cost of attracting and the likelihood of risk occurrence are own funds (32 points), as well as state budget funds (22 points) and local budgets (21 points). Practical recommendations on the use of the developed provisions have been formed
Highlights
The key sector of the economy of each country, professing the peculiarities of social orientation, is the sphere of urban electric transport (UET), the main task of which is to meet the needs of the population of cities in transport services in order to ensure both the development of the city and the productivity and efficiency of production and commercial activities of its enterprises and organizations [12]
The investment process is an element of enterprise reform, while innovative, reengineering and restructuring processes are elements of transformation and reproduce various components of the investment process [8]. The analysis of these proposals allows to assert that the efficiency of the development of UET enterprises depends to the greatest extent on investment processes, which is indicated in the broad interpretation of the essence of this area of activity
In the study of the directions of reforming transport infrastructure enterprises [18], it is believed that the practical implementation of improving the efficiency of UET enterprises should be carried out using investment programs that generally provide an increase in the level of conservation of electrical energy, is to a certain extent a technocratic approach
Summary
The key sector of the economy of each country, professing the peculiarities of social orientation, is the sphere of urban electric transport (UET), the main task of which is to meet the needs of the population of cities in transport services in order to ensure both the development of the city and the productivity and efficiency of production and commercial activities of its enterprises and organizations [12]. As evidenced by the data released by the International Union of Public Transport, in 120 countries of the world there are ongoing works on the design, construction and reconstruction of tram and trolleybus lines [3] In this activity, the latest technologies are of key importance, the use of which can significantly increase the smoothness and speed of movement, improve the noise characteristics of electric transport, reduce or completely eliminate the consequences of its negative impact on the surrounding nature. There are objective reasons for this: a decrease in the volume of passenger traffic, inconsistency of existing tariffs for transportation of the existing cost, low quality of service for passenger transportation, mainly the unsatisfactory technical condition of the existing transport stock leads to deterioration in the safety of transportation and the culture of passenger service All these factors are the real reason for the unprofitableness of the services of UET enterprises, the economic and financial condition of UET enterprises is significantly deteriorating, the level of depreciation of fixed assets reaches the maximum possible level, the. The efficient operation of electric transport enterprises is of purely economic, and of great social importance, since the level of satisfaction of the daily transportation needs of the general population depends on their activities
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