ТЕОРІЯ І МЕТОДОЛОГІЯ РОЗВИТКУ ТРАМВАЙНИХ КОЛІЙНИХ ГОСПОДАРСТВ УКРАЇНИ

Abstract

Having completed a theoretical study of the conditions for the emergence of the main economic problems of tram enterprises functioning, the article gives a theoretical and economic evaluation of the prospects for the use of modern ballastless technologies in the construction / reconstruction of tram tracks. This proves the relevance of the chosen topic. The article also provides an analytical review on the current situation and prospects for the development of tramway track facilities of transport enterprises belonging to the communal property of city councils. The emphasis is made on recommendations for the implementation of the latest ballastless technologies for reconstruction / construction of tramways. A comparative characteristic of traditional (sleeper) and ballastless technologies is presented. It is proved that the latter is more profitable from the economic point of view, given its durability and a significant reduction in track maintenance costs, as well as preventing other negative manifestations inherent in outdated tram tracks – noise, vibration, wandering currents, etc. The possible negative tendencies of the ballastless technology application are characterized. The article also identifies the main causes of the crisis in urban electric transport and provides a detailed list of the main directions of reforming urban public electric transport. The formulated concept and measures for its implementation are undoubtedly an effective tool on the way to break even operation of municipal electric transport enterprises of the country. The measures envisaged will allow stabilizing the work of the industry enterprises, expanding the area of transport services for the population of cities, increasing the availability of transport services, putting things in order with speed, regularity, traffic safety and comfort of travel, increasing the attractiveness of urban electric transport and attracting new passengers. Therefore, we believe that in the future, during the reconstruction of existing and construction of new tramways, the implementation of projects based on the use of ballastless tracks will become the main structure of the superstructure of tramways in a megalopolis, taking into account its durability, environmental friendliness and efficiency during operation.