Abstract
Disaster risk management (DRM) for cultural heritage is a complex task that requires multidisciplinary cooperation. This short communication underlines the critical role of satellite remote sensing (also known as earth observation) in DRM in dealing with various hazards for cultural heritage sites and monuments. Here, satellite observation potential is linked with the different methodological steps of the DRM cycle. This is achieved through a short presentation of recent paradigms retrieved from research studies and the Scopus scientific repository. The communication focuses on the Eastern Mediterranean region, an area with an indisputable wealth of archaeological sites. Regarding the cultural heritage type, this article considers relevant satellite observation studies implemented in open-air archaeological monuments and sites. The necessity of this communication article emerged while trying to bring together earth observation means, cultural heritage needs, and DRM procedures.
Highlights
Several international organizations and committees dealing with the protection of cultural heritage have adopted this terminology, such as the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); the International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM); the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS); and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)
The Disaster risk management (DRM) cycle for cultural heritage sites and monuments, which is used for their protection, is composed of six consecutive steps
The implementation of these steps requires various inputs, starting from the context and ending with the systematic monitoring of a site or monument. This communication article underlines the effective roles that satellite observation can play in all stages of a DRM cycle for archaeological sites and monuments
Summary
Risk management has long attracted the interest of scholars aiming to minimize the impact of threats to citizens and critical infrastructure [1,2]. Several international organizations and committees dealing with the protection of cultural heritage have adopted this terminology, such as the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); the International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM); the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS); and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). They have extended it in a way to include disaster impacts on people and properties, as well as on cultural heritage values of World Heritage property [5]. Disaster risk is identified as the potential disaster losses to lives, health status, livelihoods, assets, and services that could occur in a community or a society over some specified future time period
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