Abstract
Abstract Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-HeLa cell complexes obtained by infection at low multiplicity at 2° were rapidly brought to 37° to achieve synchronous initiation of the earliest temperature-dependent stages of virus-cell interaction immediately succeeding virus attachment. Within the first 5 minutes of virus infection electron microscopic studies reveal a series of well-defined morphological events, logically reconstructed as follows: (1) virion attachment to the cell membrane; (2) engulfment of intact virus by pseudopods of the cell, with subsequent formation of a closely applied vacuolar membrane around the ingested virion; (3) swelling and concomitant increase in electron opacity of the virion within the vacuole; (4) loss of morphologic integrity of intravacuolar virus. Virus-cell complexes formed at 2° and warmed to 37° for 5 minutes in the presence of antibody to NDV showed a marked decrease in the number of surface-attached or intracellular particles. Much of the plasma membrane-bound virus was detached following treatment with antibody at 37°. The periphery of all surface-situated virus exposed to viral antibody characteristically assumed a fuzzy amorphous appearance. Surface-bound virus exposed to antibody was seen on occasion within the cell; this rare event revealed virus in close association with cytoplasmic bodies, whose possible lytic function is considered.
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