Dziedzictwo kulturowe: spuścizna ludzkiej kreatywności i ekspresji: unikatowe zbiory Biblioteki Politechniki Krakowskiej zdigitalizowane w ramach projektu EDT

IWMSE2019 Committee ListHonor ChairProf. Ke Wang, East China University of Technology (ECUT), ChinaKeynote SpeakersProf. Ke Wang, East China University of Technology, Nanchang, ChinaProf. Rangsu Liu, Hunan University, ChinaProf. Chen Hsu, Lungwha University of Science and Technology, TaiwanProf. Chen-Kuei Chung, National Cheng Kung University, TaiwanEditorProf. Ke Wang, East China University of Technology (ECUT), ChinaProf. Chen Hsu, Lungwha University of Science and Technology, TaiwanTechnical Program CommitteesDr. Elżbieta Macioszek, Silesian University of Technology, PolandProf. Partha Pratim Das, Haldia Institute of Technology, IndiaProf. Muchun Wang, Minghsin University of Science and Technology, TaiwanDr. Wesley Huang, National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology, TaiwanDr. Fraj Alshmri, PMU Prince Mohmed bin Fahd University, Saudi ArabiaProf. Yung Ting, Chung Yuan Christian University, TaiwanDr. Shiang-Cheng Jeng, Taipei City University of Science and Technology, TaiwanProf. A. Geetha Selvarani, Vel Tech University, IndiaDr. Bashir Ahmad Dar, Higher education Govt. of J&K India, IndiaDr. Pravanjan Mallick, North Orissa University, IndiaProf. Tarek A. Mohamed, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University, EgyptDr. Corneliu Doroftei, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, RomaniaProf. Faheem Uddin, Dadabhoy Institute of Higher Education, PakistanDr. José Luís Barroso de Aguiar, University of Minho, PortugueseDr. Daohai Zhang, Guizhou University, ChinaDr. Muhammad Hafidz Fazli Bin Md Fauadi, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, MalaysiaDr. Justo García Sanz-Calcedo, University of Extremadura, SpainProf. Chen Hsu, Lungwha University of Science and Technology, TaiwanProf. Vijayan Gurumurthy Iyer, University, DEBM-EDII Cell, Vaddeswaram, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, IndiaPengr. A. Ruth Fernandez-Akarregi, IK4-Ikerlan Research Technological Center, SpainProf. Fernando B. Naranjo, University of Alcalá (UAH) Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, SpainDr. Qing Li, Donghua University, ChinaDr. Murat Eyvaz, Gebze Technical University, TurkeyDr. Soumya Mukherjee, Amity University Kolkata, IndiaDr. Yu-Lin (Eugene) Song, Asia University, TaiwanDr. Houxiao Wang, Jiangsu University, ChinaProf. Athir M.Haddad, University of Basrah, IraqDr. Marcela Elisabeta BARBINTA-PATRASCU, University of Bucharest, RomaniaProf. Denis Rodrigue, Université Laval, CanadaProf. Zaobao Liu, Northeastern University, ChinaDr. Beya Ouertani, Borj-Cedria Science and Technology Park, TunisiaDr. V.Arumugaprabu, Kalasalingam University, IndiaProf. Osman ADIGUZEL, Firat University, TurkeyDr. Karol Kyzioł, AGH University of Science and Technology, PolandDr. Bonifacio Llamazares, Universidad de Valladolid, SpainDr. Jose Miguel Acarregui, University of the Basque Country, SpainDr. Ivana Atanasovska, Mathematical Institute of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (SASA), SerbiaDr. Dejan B. Momčilović, Institute for testing of materials IMS, SerbiaDr. S.Vijayarani, Bharathiar University, IndiaProf. Chen-Kuei Chung, National Cheng Kung University, TainanProf. Ke Wang, East China University of Technology, ChinaDr. Ivo Stachiv, Harbin Institute of Technology - Shenzhen School (HITSZ), ChinaProf. Samir Ladaci, National Polytechnic School of Constantine, AlgeriaDr. Ressol R. Shakir, University of Thi-Qar, IraqProf. Abdel Ghani Aissaoui, University of Bechar, AlgeriaDr. Timur Sh. Atabaev, Nazarbayev University, KazakhstanDr. Jaswinder Singh, Panjab University, IndiaDr. Roberto Pablo Orosco, The National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), ArgentinaDr. Shengli Jin, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, ChinaProf. Maria Giovanna Buonomenna, Consiglio Nazionale dei Chimici (CNC), ItalyDr. Aminu Umar, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, NigeriaDr. Slawomir Zolkiewski, Sielsian University of Technology, PolandProf. Dan Dobrota, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, RoamniaDr. Bo-Lian Chen, DEEPLEARNING.AI, USAProf. Farid ABED-MERAIM, Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Metz, FranceProf. N.Ethiraj, M.G.R Educational and Research Institute, Madhuravoyal, Chennai, IndiaDr. Grzegorz Woroniak, Bialystok University of Technology, PolandProf. Helena Cristina Vasconcelos, Azores University, PortugalProf. Xiao Huang, Tongren University, Guizhou, ChinaDr. Adnène Arbi, Carthage University, TunisiaDr. Bidyut Saha, Burdwan University, IndiaDr. Dariusz Jacek Jakobczak, Koszalin University of Technology, PolandDr. Bappa Acherjee, Birla Institute of Technology (BIT), Mesra, IndiaDr. Nacer RAHAL, Mustapha STAMBOULI University of Mascara, AlgeriaDr. Saurabh Bilgaiyan, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), deemed to be University Bhubaneswar, IndiaDr. Riki Patel, Charotar University of Science and Technology, IndiaDr. Zakaria M.M. Gharsseldien, Prince Sattam Bin AbdulAziz University, Saudi ArabiaDr. Orlin Angelov, CL SENES, BAS, SpainDr. Sujatha Unnikrishnan, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, IndiaProf. Jyotir Moy Chatterjee, Asia Pacific University of Technology & Innovation, Nepal

The European cultural and historical heritage contains a surprising richness and variety that places it, thanks to its multi-diversity and heterogeneity, among the most interesting territories at international level. As a result of the scarcity of accessible technical equipment [1] and lack of time or availability to physically visit each Cultural Heritages, the knowledge of the European cultural heritage is not as widespread as it deserves. For this reason, a highly skilled work team with heterogeneous skills and approaches, has been created. Through the INCEPTION project, this team is developing inclusive methodologies with the aim to increase the dissemination and the knowledge of the historical cultural heritage through a web platform. The paper describes how it has been possible to model and apply some of the principles of the Human Centered Design in an international design research project in order to promote the accessibility of the digitized cultural heritage, through the involvement of institutional subjects. Moreover, the authors illustrate how co-design represents a valid method of work planning and a methodological design tool that allows a productive cooperation between different demanding profiles in the field of Digital Cultural Heritage.

Objective The aim of the article is to present the involvement of public Higher Education Institutions in Poland in popularizing the idea of sustainable development within the framework of their publishing activities. Methodology In this study, agglomerative clustering approach, which is a representative of the hierarchical method, was used. The distance between selected public Higher Education Institutions in Poland was determined based on the Squared Euclidean Distance. In turn, to estimate the distance between clusters, the Ward method was used. The study used three parameters, constructed from data taken from SciVal: (1) total number of publications, (2) citation count, and (3) field-weighted citation impact. Findings Three groups of Polish public HEIs were distinguished as a result of the cluster analysis that was performed (based on: the total number of publications, the citation count, and the field-weighted citation impact). The most publication-productive were seven technical universities, i.e., Warsaw University of Technology, Gdansk University of Technology, Silesian University of Technology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Lodz University of Technology, Poznan University of Technology, and Wroclaw University of Science and Technology. The publications prepared by the employees of the universities of technology were also characterized by the highest number of citations. Value Added This article is one of the first to present (in quantitative terms) the involvement of universities in popularizing sustainable energy development concept. The methodology used in it can be applied to the other Sustainable Development Goals. Recommendations Given the increasing importance of the concept of sustainability in the functioning of universities, it seems necessary to create tools to measure the degree of their involvement in popularizing this idea. Among other things, universities are obliged to share their knowledge in this area. Bibliometric data provided by the SciVal system may be helpful in this regard. It is necessary to conduct research taking into account both domestic and foreign universities.

Preparation of present article was aiming to try to answer the following questions: why the responsible business conduct in the Republic of Kazakhstan needs to include the protection of tangible cultural heritage. Authors consider legal aspects of protection of cultural heritage of Kazakhstan, its international obligations in it to the sphere and the status of objects of material cultural heritage in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan. At the level of UNESCO, the Republic of Kazakhstan has numerous official international obligations in protection of material cultural and natural heritage, which both the state and private organizations need to observe strictly. This system of the international obligations is complemented with the local legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan directed to preservation of objects of cultural and natural heritage. Additionally, this work will list the basic recommendations, following of which is going to guarantee the protection and conservation of tangible cultural heritage sites, as well as save the representatives of the business sphere from various risks and associated financial losses related to the damaging and destruction of tangible cultural heritage sites. In addition to compliance with Kazakhstani and international legislative bases in the field of protection and use of tangible cultural heritage, the most socially responsible organizations can also organize their own events to raise awareness of their employees about the need to protect tangible cultural heritage.Key words: responsible business conduct, cultural heritage, protection, conservation, legislation.

A fruitful direction for research on the European cultural heritage is to adopt a transnational approach. Rather than see cultural heritage as predominantly expressed in national contexts, it could be seen as primarily transnational and as plural. Such a view would also suggest a conception of national histories as themselves products of transnational encounters. In this perspective, the European dimension is not then necessarily something over and above nations, but part of their heritage. Moreover, as fundamentally transnational, the European heritage is not exclusively confined to Europe. Cultural heritage is not something that is fixed or based on an essence; it is produced and reinterpreted by social actors in different but overlapping contexts. This is also an interpretative approach that draws attention to the entangled nature of memories and especially the cultural logic by which new conceptions and narratives of heritage emerge from the encounter and entanglement of different memories. Such an approach offers new opportunities for comparative research on the European heritage as an entangled mosaic of histories and memories. This approach thus rejects not only particularistic but also universalistic ones such as alternative Eurocentric accounts.

The current Copernicus evolution aims to meet horizontal users’ needs in order to widen uptake of the Copernicus monitoring products by non-traditional users. In 2019, the European Commission initiated a coordinated action to evaluate the current and potential uptakes of Copernicus products, and for the monitoring and protection of European Cultural and Natural Heritage in a future climate change scenario. An interaction matrix was developed, circulated to and fulfilled by users in order to collect their needs and identify the main gaps in terms of monitoring data and information. The results show what users require from Copernicus to face the daily challenges of preserving and protecting CH features. Moreover, the interaction with users identified a data and information access model that best maximizes uptake by the users. The present work illustrates the user requirement coordination mechanism adopted by the European Copernicus Cultural Heritage Task Force; synthesises the results achieved in terms of gap analysis; and assesses the current and potential uptake of Copernicus data, services, and products in support of the monitoring and protection of European cultural heritage. It also provides recommendation about the implementation of infrastructural solutions to improve Copernicus services data and information access by cultural heritage users.

The article deals with the protection of cultural heritage in wetlands under international agreements. It highlights the concept of the cultural and natural heritage of wetlands, and then discusses the protection of the world cultural heritage of wetlands within the framework of UNESCO. The article also identifies cultural values under the Ramsar Convention. It focuses on the assessment of international protection of world cultural and natural heritage in wetlands. Finally, the article refers to the World Heritage of the Wilderness Wetlands. The article contributes to clarifying the absence of an independent legal framework for the protection of cultural heritage in wetlands. The Study concluded that international agreements do not establish explicit international obligations on states. Hence the need for an international convention dedicated to the protection of cultural heritage in wetlands. The study also concluded that there is no judicial mechanism to limit the deterioration of cultural heritage in wetlands.

The main goal of this paper is to present the history and actual situation in research on LCA and LCM in Poland. This task will be performed by reviewing the different activities and their results in this field, from the very beginning. The paper includes the review of the activities of LCA/LCM main research centres in Poznań (Poznań University of Technology (PUT), Poznań University of Economics and Business (PUEB)), Cracow (Polish Academy of Sciences, AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow University of Economics), Zielona Góra (University of Zielona Góra), Bydgoszcz (UTP University of Science and Technology), Katowice-Gliwice (Silesian University of Technology), Częstochowa (Częstochowa University of Technology) and Szczecin (ZUT Western Pomeranian University of Technology). LCA/LCM researches are also performed in several smaller research groups in R&D centres. In the end of the paper, some conclusions referring to the actual situation of research on LCA/LCM, dealing with critical evaluation of the LCA/LCM centres in Poland location, issues and problems addressed, areas of the projects covered and the desired activities in the future, are presented.

Метою статті є аналіз становлення та розвитку пам’яткоохоронного законодавства в Україні.
 Наукова новизна статті полягає в аналізі основних законодавчих і підзаконних актів України, завдяки яким відбулося реформування сфери охорони культурної спадщини в Україні та приведення її у відповідність до міжнародних норм і стандартів.
 Висновки. У законодавчому забезпеченні охорони культурної спадщини України можна до певної міри умовно виділити кілька етапів. Перший розпочався із прийняттям Декларації про державний суверенітет України від 16 липня 1990 р., яка започаткувала зміну державних підходів до культурної спадщини України, задекларувавши культурне відродження українського народу й необхідність повернення національних, культурних та історичних цінностей України, що знаходяться за її межами. Водночас базовим актом стали Основи законодавства України про культуру від 14 лютого 1992 р. Саме Основи законодавства України про культуру визначили правові засади діяльності органів публічної влади у сфері охорони культурної спадщини, а також започаткували процес формування Державного реєстру національного культурного надбання. Конституція України від 28 червня 1996 р. більш послідовно, у порівнянні з Конституцією УРСР, забезпечила гарантії культурних прав громадян та обов’язки держави щодо охорони культурної спадщини. На цьому етапі було ратифіковано ряд міжнародних актів у сфері охорони культурної спадщини, а також прийнято національні законодавчі й підзаконні акти, спрямовані на імплементацію цих норм у національне законодавство України, зокрема Закон України «Про вивезення, ввезення та повернення культурних цінностей» від 21 вересня 1999 р. Другий етап розпочався з ухваленням Закону України «Про охорону культурної спадщини» від 8 червня 2000 р., в якому враховані основні тенденції міжнародно-правового забезпечення охорони культурної спадщини, зокрема положення Конвенції ЮНЕСКО про охорону всесвітньої культурної і природної спадщини 1972 р. Законом урегульовані права та обов’язки суб’єктів охорони культурної спадщини, а також порядок формування Державного реєстру нерухомих пам’яток України за категоріями національного й місцевого значення. На цьому етапі ухвалені й такі важливі нормативні акти, як Закон України «Про охорону археологічної спадщини» від 18 березня 2004 р. і Загальнодержавна програма збереження та використання об’єктів культурної спадщини на 2004–2010 роки, затверджена Законом України від 20 квітня 2004 р. Третій етап розпочався з ухваленням Закону України «Про культуру» від 14 грудня 2010 р. і триває донині. На цьому етапі ухвалено ряд важливих змін до законодавства, спрямованих на приведення українського пам’яткоохоронного законодавства до міжнародних норм і стандартів, зокрема щодо збереження пам’яток культурної спадщини, включених до Списку всесвітньої спадщини ЮНЕСКО.

It is common knowledge that the basic concept of protecting religious cultural heritage in Europe is enshrined in the ‘founding texts’ (Pickard 2001, p. 1) of the Convention for the Protection of the Architectural Heritage of Europe, as well as the revised European Convention on the Protection of the Archaeological Heritage. This legal structure, which was broadly based on the relevant international legislation (namely the Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property, the Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, and the Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions), has been expanded by the later legal instruments of the European Landscape Convention, the Convention on the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage and the, recently enforced, Framework Convention on the Value of Cultural Heritage for Society.

<p>Some countries have proven to be advanced by managing their historical and cultural heritage and promoting it internationally. Japan and South Korea are living examples, who transform the war site not only into national defense heritage but also bring it to the international level. The management of historical heritage is crucial to enhance people's awareness of the importance of national defense. However, many of Indonesia's historical relics are still neglected or poorly managed, even though many historical and cultural heritages have the potential to become tourist attractions. This article aims to discuss how to manage Indonesian historical and cultural heritage to enhance nationalism and patriotism. Proper management of historical and cultural heritage will increase the love of the motherland. The research method is done by a qualitative research method as well as literature studies. This study proves that the management of culture and historical heritage of Indonesia, especially those related to the national struggle, is still largely ignored. Moreover, Indonesia even lacks in managing its historical and cultural heritage. Therefore, Indonesia has to improve the management of its cultural and historical heritage so that it can be promoted to the global world as an object of tourism to increase the nationalism of the younger generation.</p>

I. INTRODUCTION II. CULTURAL & NATURAL HERITAGE: AN OVERVIEW A. Cultural Heritage B. Natural Heritages C. Nature Conservation Strategies Worldwide D. The Links Between Cultural and Natural Heritage E. Characteristics of Sites of Overlapping Cultural & Natural Heritage III. The Present and Future of Integrated Cultural & Natural Heritage Management A. Challenges Posed to Protecting Cultural and Natural Heritage B. Existing Legal/Regulatory Efforts to Protect Cultural and Natural Heritage 1. Developed Countries a. The United States b. The European Union (1) England (a) National Parks (b) Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (c) Conservation Areas (2) Dartmoor National Park (a) The Dartmoor Local Plan (b) Local Plan Aims (c) Local Plan Landscapes c. Canada 2. Developing Countries a. China b. Brazil IV. CONCLUSION A. Why Integrate Cultural and Natural Heritage Protection? B. Bridging Boundaries for Mutual Gain I. INTRODUCTION Formal legal efforts to protect cultural and natural heritage are not a modern phenomenon. In the developed and developing worlds, regional, state, and local governments undertake efforts to protect their cultural heritage and their natural resources. Most cultural and natural resource protection regimes, however, have evolved independently of one another. This is only recently beginning to change. As scholars, regulators, and activists increasingly recognize the links and overlap between areas of cultural and natural heritage, they are beginning to come together to develop new regimes for joint cultural and environmental protection. These early efforts jointly to protect cultural and natural heritage vary significantly in character and success. These variations reflect a still vague and evolving understanding of the interplay between culture and nature, the relationship between public and private land ownership, and significant regional differences in existing legal regimes, economic development, and environmental agendas. Further, there is currently very little comprehensive research examining global efforts to develop heritage protection areas that integrate both cultural and natural resource conservation. There is even less research analyzing how relationships between land ownership and social conceptions of culture and nature impact the development of future cultural and natural heritage programs. The goal of this paper is to contribute to and encourage the development of innovative, interdisciplinary approaches for the protection, preservation, and enhancement of natural and cultural heritage areas. The second section of this paper examines traditional notions and regulatory regimes for cultural and natural heritage protection, and delves into the links between cultural and natural heritage. Section three analyzes existing cultural heritage and environmental/natural protection laws, and provides examples of joint cultural and natural heritage preservation efforts. In particular, section three considers how current and prospective joint cultural and natural heritage protection efforts in developed and developing countries contribute to the social and economic development of communities and regions, and advance the principles of sustainable development by strengthening the historical continuity of a place and its people, and by guiding development in ways consistent with the characteristics of these cultural and natural resources. Additionally, section three examines case studies in the United States, Europe, Canada, Brazil, and China to demonstrate the challenges and critical elements integral to developing innovative and sustainable cultural and natural heritage preservation schemes. …

Medical physics and engineering education in Poland started in the 1930s with the foundation of the Radium Institute in Warsaw by Maria Sklodowska-Curie. Prof. Cezary Pawlowski, one of the assistants and then collaborators of Mme Curie (fig. 1), organized the first courses in medical physics and biomedical engineering at the Physics Department of the Radium Institute. The first course in medical engineering started at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering of the Warsaw University of Technology in the 1950s. Then, at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatics, Computer Science and Electronics of the AGH University of Science and Technology (former University of Mining and Metallurgy) in Krakow, Prof. Ryszard Tadeusiewicz organized the first courses in biomedical engineering in the 1970s. Fig. 2 shows the first Polish textbooks in Medical Electronics and in Biocybernetics. Note the year of the issue of both books, 1978. Until the academic year 2005/2006, education in biomedical engineering was offered only as a specialization in other fields of studies, e.g. mechanics, automatics & robotics and electronics. The development of new technologies in medical diagnosis and therapy required a new approach to biomedical engineering education. Therefore, a consortium was set up of six technical universities (in alphabetical order): The AGH University of Science and Technology (Krakow), The Gdansk University of Technology (Gdansk), The Silesian University of Technology (Gliwice), The Technical University of Lodz (Lodz), The Warsaw University of Technology (Warsaw) and The Wroclaw University of Technology (Wroclaw). The consortium developed a new programme of education and then applied to the Ministry of Science and Higher Education for an official permit to create a new field of studies referred to as “Biomedical Engineering” (BME). In June 2006, the Ministry gave its consent to this proposal. The AGH University of Science and Technology was first in Poland to

PrefaceThis Journal of Physics: Conference Series contains the papers presented at XXIII Fluid Mechanics Conference (XXII FMC) held in Zawiercie in Poland during 09th-12th September of 2018. The Conference is organised by Czestochowa University of Technology (CzUT) under the auspices of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the Polish Academy of Sciences, Committee of Mechanics.The Fluid Mechanics Conferences have been taking place every two years since 1974. The first Conference was inaugurated by Prof. Włodzimierz Prosnak from Warsaw University of Technology and since then the scientific centers from Lodz University of Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Silesian University of Technology, Bialystok University of Technology, AGH University of Science and Technology, Gdansk University of Technology, Military Technical Academy, Rzeszow University of Technology, Wroclaw University of Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery Polish Academy of Sciences and Institute of Aviation took responsibility for this scientific event. Częstochowa Universiy of Technology is proud to be the organiser of the conference for the third time. Previous editions of Fluid Mechanics Conference organized by CzUT were held in 1978 and 1998.The aim of the Conference is to bring together academics, scientists and experts in fluid mechanics and to provide a forum for the exposure and exchange of ideas, methods and most recent results in the field of new experimental techniques and computational methods associated with fluid mechanics and related disciplines.

physica status solidi (a)Volume 119, Issue 1 p. K59-K62 Short Note Superconductivity Affected by Zr Doping in Bi2Sr2CaCu2Oy Ceramic Sha Jian, Sha Jian Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Search for more papers by this authorLiu Wei, Liu Wei Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Search for more papers by this authorC. F. Zhu, C. F. Zhu Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Search for more papers by this authorS. X. Wang, S. X. Wang Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Search for more papers by this authorN. L. Wang, N. L. Wang Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Search for more papers by this authorX. A. Cheng, X. A. Cheng Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Search for more papers by this authorL. Z. Cao, L. Z. Cao Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Search for more papers by this authorZ. J. Cheng, Z. J. Cheng Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Search for more papers by this authorZ. Y. Cheng, Z. Y. Cheng Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Search for more papers by this authorQ. R. Zhang, Q. R. Zhang Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Search for more papers by this author Sha Jian, Sha Jian Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Search for more papers by this authorLiu Wei, Liu Wei Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Search for more papers by this authorC. F. Zhu, C. F. Zhu Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Search for more papers by this authorS. X. Wang, S. X. Wang Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Search for more papers by this authorN. L. Wang, N. L. Wang Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Search for more papers by this authorX. A. Cheng, X. A. Cheng Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Search for more papers by this authorL. Z. Cao, L. Z. Cao Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Search for more papers by this authorZ. J. Cheng, Z. J. Cheng Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Search for more papers by this authorZ. Y. Cheng, Z. Y. Cheng Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Search for more papers by this authorQ. R. Zhang, Q. R. Zhang Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Search for more papers by this author First published: 16 May 1990 https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.2211190152Citations: 1 Anhui, People's Republic of China. Hangzhou, People's Republic of China. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume119, Issue116 May 1990Pages K59-K62 RelatedInformation