Abstract
The general theory of relativity's outcome, the Friedmann equation, captures the universe's dynamics in cosmological terms. This equation provides a geometrical description of the expansion of the cosmos based on the concepts of field theory. The Friedmann equation states that the vacuum energy density, the curvature of space, the density of matter and energy, and the cosmological constant all have an effect on the Hubble parameter, which represents the rate of expansion of the universe. The outcome of the universe's expansion, standstill, or contraction, as shown by this equation, is highly dependent on these factors. Here we have a direct connection between theoretical physics and observable cosmological phenomena like galaxy redshifts and the cosmic microwave background, made possible by the simplification of complex relativistic equations to this form by representing the universe abstractly as a homogeneous and isotropic entity. We may grasp the history, present, and possible future of the universe within a quantitative scientific framework, and the Friedmann equation emphasizes the interaction of matter, energy, and geometry in cosmic development
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