Dynamic strain-mediated coherence based microwave photon detection within the transparent windows

Abstract

We propose a scheme for quantum nondemolition (QND) measurement of microwave photons within the transparency windows in a hybrid quantum system. The quantum interface between the microwave and optical fields is characterized by the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. The prominent characterization of NV centers which are embedded in the doubly clamped diamond nanoresonator (DNR) is that the electric field induced by the deformation can drive the electric–dipole–forbidden transitions of the NV’s ground states. The applied microwave field and the electrical field induced by the deformation of the DNR resonantly drive the triplet ground states of the NV centers, and the transparent windows appear around the transition frequencies of the NV’s ground states. Within the transparent windows, the shifts of the dark states induced by the weak optical field produce the third-order (Kerr) nonlinearity with reduced linear absorption. In this case, the populations of the NV centers are trapped in the dark state and the degrees of freedom of the NV centers can be decoupled from the effective Hamiltonian of the hybrid system. Therefore, the measurements of the microwave photons can be efficiently realized.