Double balanced up conversion mixer for Automative RADAR in 0.18μm CMOS at 77GHz

Abstract

A new RADAR (Radio Detection and Ranging) system is used in automobiles called as Automative Radar operating at 77GHz of W-Band frequency which ranges from 75 GHz to 110 GHz for avoiding accident. This system uses a W-Band double balanced mixer for up conversion using 0.18μm CMOS technology is a major block in transmitter end. It consists of a double balanced mixer cell which has PMOS negative resistance compensation (NRC) technique boosts the Conversion Gain (C.G) and for low power operation. Baluns are used (Balanced and Unbalanced Transformers) for Local Oscillator (LO) and mixer output where Radio frequency (RF) signal is received for impedance matching. The Intermediate Frequency (IF) at 0.1 GHz to 1 GHz is mixed with Local Oscillators frequency at 76 GHz to 76.9 GHz to achieve RF signal of 77GHz. The mixer achieves an excellent Conversion Gain of 13.368 dB at frequency 77GHz, and also achieves a large bandwidth of 9GHz. The mixer consumes a low power of 13.02 mW. The LO and RF signals achieves certain measurements which are Reflection coefficient of RF and LO signals by calculating S parameters, conversion gain, and low power consumption when operated at given frequencies.