Abstract
Recent studies indicate a surprising nonrelativistic nature for the u, d, s, c, b quarks, which is suggestive of the constituent-quark viewpoint. Accordingly, we investigate the observed spectrum of elementary particles in the constituent-quark limit of small binding energies. The u, d, s, c, b quarks by themselves do not admit a rigorous constituent-quark representation, but the expanded constituent-quark basis set that we obtain from this investigation includes the u, d, s, c, b quarks as a subset. It also includes a spinless 70 MeV quark isospin doublet which echoes the conventional spin-1/2 u- and d-quark isospin doublet. Although spinless, these 70 MeV constituent quarks do not exhibit the properties of true boson states. A mathematical link between spinless and spinning quarks is provided by the relativistically spinning sphere, which serves empirically as a mechanism for the conversion of 70 MeV quantized and 140 MeV quantized spinless quark masses into similarly quantized spin-1/2 excited-state quark masses. Evidence for these characteristic quark excitations is clearly apparent in the experimental data. The constituent-quark superset that we deduce here accurately reproduces particle mass values, and it accounts for quantities such as magnetic moments and some aspects of particle lifetimes. However, in its present state of development it lacks the predictive power of the conventional set of quarks with respect to quantities such as isotopic spins and strangeness quantum numbers.
Published Version
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call