Diversification of the rural economy as a factor of their sustainable development (by the example of the south- and north-eastern regions of the Republic of Bashkortostan)

Abstract

Diversification of the rural economy is one of the priorities of their sustainable development. This is reflected in the state program «Integrated Rural Development» for 2020–2025 approved on June 4, 2019. In accordance with this and other federal programs, rural development programs are also being developed at the level of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. In the Republic of Bashkortostan, the state program «Integrated development of rural Territories of the Republic of Bashkortostan» (as amended on December 8, 2020) was approved by the Decree of the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan No. 728 dated December 12, 2019, which replaced the subprogram «Sustainable development of rural territories of the Republic of Belarus until 2020» of the state program «Development of agriculture and regulation of agricultural markets products, raw materials and food in the Republic of Belarus». In addition, on the instructions of the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan, the Institute of Socio-Economic Research of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences has developed two sub-regional programs for the development of depressed south- and north-eastern regions of the region for 2011–2015 (extended until 2024). Within the framework of this article, the expediency of their adjustment and inclusion in them of promising projects for the diversification of the rural economy — new «points of growth» in relation to specific municipal areas, which are various areas of the processing industry, small and medium-sized businesses, tourism, folk crafts and crafts, agricultural production and consumer cooperation. The inclusion of proposals for the development of ethnic entrepreneurship and ethnic cooperation, ethnic brands of the Trans-Urals and the North-East of the Republic of Bashkortostan in the programs is being updated.