Abstract
Irregular urine output triggers kidney stone disease. One way to cure it is by using synthetic diuretic compounds. The use of synthetic diuretic drugs for a long time can cause side effects, namely gastric damage. Therefore, research is needed to determine the diuretic effect of ethanol extract of avocado leaves (Persea americana) and its effect on the histological structure of the gastric of male rats. Avocado leaf extract is made by maceration method, using 70% ethanol and then evaporated. Wistar male rats were divided into 5 treatment groups namely negative control (aquadest), positive control (furosemide), avocado leaf extract dose of 50 mg / kg body weight, 100 mg / kg body weight, and 150 mg / kg body weight with oral administration for 15 days. The volume of urine  was measured for 24 hours, then the mice were sacrified on the 16th day. Gastric organs were taken for histological observation by the paraffin method and Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining. The results showed that the optimum avocado leaf ethanol extract was a dose of 100 mg/kg showed a diuretic effect but did not affect the histological structure of the gastric.
Highlights
Phylorus is the total urine yields than furosemide which part of the stomach that is often disturbed is usually used as a diuretic drug
The animals used in the study were obtained from the Tegalboto Kidul Jember male rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar area, cleaned and separated with leaf strain aged 2 months and body weight bones
Diuretic test is done by measuring the total urine volume of male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) for 24 hours
Summary
Smoothless urinary output triggers Mill) to avoid disruptive effects. the onset of kidney stone disease. Increasment the rate of urine output is that have the ability to treat diseases such one way to cure kidney stone disease. Chemical compounds including flavonoids, Currently there are many synthetic saponins, tannins and steroids (Rahman et diuretics that have been used to increase al, 2018). Flavonoid in a long period cause side effects such as antioxidant activity is more effective than impaired kidney function and stomach vitamins C, E and carotenoids (Dai and damage (Siswandono and Soekardjo, Mumper, 2010). Avocado leaves are reported to be Anatomically the stomach is divided into effective, among others, as analgesic four parts respectively cardia, fundus, drugs, hypertension, hypoglycemia, corpus, and pylorus (Mescher, 2017). Phylorus is the total urine yields than furosemide which part of the stomach that is often disturbed is usually used as a diuretic drug.
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