Distribution characteristics and risk factors of infectious pathogens after open limb fracture surgery

Abstract

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics and risk factors of infectious pathogens after open limb fracture surgery. Methods From January 2016 to December 2018, 180 patients with open limb fracture admitted to Hangzhou Hospital of Zhejiang Medical and Health Group were selected to observe the infection after operation.Pathogens were isolated and identified by automatic biological analyzer and bacterial identification system, and drug resistance test was carried out by K-B method.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of infection after open limb fracture surgery. Results Among 180 cases of open limb fracture, 29 cases had postoperative infection, the infection rate was 16.11%.Among 29 cases of post-operative infection, 34 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated, including 19 strains of Gram-positive bacteria, 13 strains of Gram-negative bacteria and 2 strains of fungi.The resistance rate of Staphylococcus aureus to penicillin G was high, and the resistance rate was 80.00%.Univariate analysis showed that there were no statistically significant differences in gender, BMI, injury site, smoking history, hypertension and intraoperative bleeding between the two groups (χ2=0.252, 0.416, 0.734, 0.856, 0.572, all P>0.05). There were statistically significant differences in age, diabetes mellitus, operation time, hospitalization time, wound contamination and drainage tube placement time between the two groups (χ2=21.537, 9.664, 17.244, 15.459, 24.327, 19.804, all P 60 years old, diabetes mellitus, operation time>3h, hospitalization time>14d, wound contamination and drainage tube placement time>4d were independent risk factors for infection after open limb fracture surgery. Conclusion Postoperative infection rate of open limb fracture is high.Gram-positive bacteria are the main pathogenic bacteria.Postoperative infection is affected by many factors.In order to prevent postoperative infection, specific measures should be taken and antibiotics should be used reasonably in strict accordance with drug sensitivity test. Key words: Fractures, open; Extremities; Infection; Gram-positive bacteria; Gram-negative bacteria; Fungi; Risk factors