Abstract
We have developed a new method to investigate the relaxation time of the dipole moment in polarization clusters in BaTiO3. Time correlation of speckle intensities was measured by the use of a double pulsed soft x-ray laser. The evolution of the relaxation time of the dipole moment near the Curie temperature (T(C)) was investigated. The maximum relaxation time (approximately 90 ps) is shown to appear at a temperature of 4.5 K above the T(C), being coincident with the one where the maximum polarization takes place. This method is widely applicable to any other critical decay processes at phase transitions.
Highlights
Þit hEWhere, t and is the time of the speckle measurement that has been tried and the delay time between the x-ray double pulses, respectively
Direct Observation of the Critical Relaxation of Polarization Clusters in BaTiO3 Using a Pulsed X-Ray Laser Technique
We have developed a new method to investigate the relaxation time of the dipole moment in polarization clusters in BaTiO3
Summary
Where, t and is the time of the speckle measurement that has been tried and the delay time between the x-ray double pulses, respectively. H0eff is the same one in the second x-ray pulse and it causes the subtraction of the collective polarization. A macroscopic quantity, the gross polarization density of the clusters over the sample, surely diverges at the bulk TC, as shown in Fig. 4 of our previous paper [11]. Outside of this region shown, gð2Þ heavily fluctuate around 1, because of low signal intensity.
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