Digital panoramic assessment of maxillary implant insertion areas among controlled type 2 diabetic patients

Abstract

Background: Restoring the edentulous maxilla with dental implants is a complex and challenging procedure especially for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Appropriate pre-placement planning, in which digital panoramic image plays a pivotal role for assessment of alveolar bone heights and localization of anatomic landmarks, allows the dentist to place these implants with relative ease and predictability. The Aim of the study was to assess pre operatively the vertical bone heights of edentulous maxilla of controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus patients for implant length selection and planning. Materials and methods: Digital panoramic images were taken from 50 male with controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus and 50 healthy male subjects (age ranged from 42-81 years). Five sites in maxilla were measured on every image, and the collected data were processed and statistically analyzed by using Medcalc Software program (version 11.5). Results: There was a highly significant difference for vertical bone height measurements of edentulous maxilla between healthy subjects and controlled type 2 diabetics. there was no significant difference for vertical bone height measurements with ageing. The linear regression model showed that the duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus had more effects on alveolar bone resorption than age. Conclusion: Edentulous subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus had more alveolar bone resorption even they had a control state of the disease unlike the healthy non-diabetic one and the bone resorption progressed with increased duration of the disease.