Abstract
The lead-based relaxor ceramic Pb(Ca1/3Nb2/3)O3 was prepared by two-step solid-state reaction. The material stabilizes in the orthorhombic phase with refined lattice parameters a = 3.4814 A, b = 12.9480 A, and c = 14.2483 A. The scanning electron micrograph is indicative of heterogeneous grain distribution with average grain size ~0.8–2.0 μm. The temperature-dependent dielectric response has a broad peak at 233.5°C (at 1 kHz, e′ = 14523). A frequency-dependent shift toward higher temperature with increasing frequency is attributed to relaxor behaviour. Deviation from the Curie–Weiss law is observed at temperatures higher than the temperature, Tm, at which the dielectric constant is maximum. The modified Curie–Weiss law was used to fit the dielectric data; the results were indicative of almost complete diffuse phase transition characteristics. The dielectric relaxation obeys the Vogel–Fulcher relationship with freezing temperature Tf = 214.1°C, activation energy Ea = 0.16 eV, and relaxation frequency ν0 = 3.4 × 107 Hz. Electrical conduction is mainly attributed to the hopping mechanism.
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