Dielectric Property Effect with Dielectric Constant for Millimeter Wave Antenna Design

Abstract

The millimeter Wave transmission provides large bandwidth for data transfer which can satisfy the 5th generation mobile network architecture three main features: High data rate, Low latency, Mass Connectivity. Due to the high propagation attenuation characteristic of millimeter Wave, the Directivity of Antenna Array greatly increase the transmitting distance. The antenna dimensions are designed relative to wave length for better radiation performance. In millimeter Wave bands, the wave length is under millimeter scale which the antenna can be integrated to Package called AiP (Antenna in Package) This article will discuss the influence of substrate material property for antenna behavior. The Dielectric Constant (Dk) of air is closed to 1, use substrate with low DK for Antenna in Package results better expression to increase Gain and Wider bandwidth. However, the wave length is also affected by Dielectric Constant, since the wavelength is inversely proportional to the square root of the Dk, the substrate with high Dk reduces the AiP size obviously. In this paper, we will provide the comparison of antenna performance for Low/High Dk by Patch Antenna which consider single antenna and antenna array. In the simulation, the result shows the difference between High and Low Dk. When Dielectric Constant increases to 6 from 3, the width of single antenna can be reduced 30% and in contrast the peak gain is 15% higher with low Dk. For handheld devices such as smartphone, the internal space is limited, the size of antenna becomes critical. With the help of pattern design to enhance antenna performance. The high Dk material can be the choice of antenna for handheld devices.